Notes and Queries, Vol. V, Number 134, May 22, 1852: A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.Various
History
Notes and Queries, Vol. V, Number 134, May 22, 1852: A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.
Various
Questions and answers -- Periodicals
The 29th vol. of the _Archæologia_ contains an interesting "description
of a monumental effigy of Richard Coeur de Lion, recently discovered in
the cathedral of Notre Dame at Rouen," by Alfred Way, Esq., who, with
his usual precision, has noticed what he very properly calls "some
singular details" beneath the figure of the lion crouching at the king's
feet; among these details is "the head of _a rabbit_[1] peeping out of
its burrow, and, a little above, a dog warily watching the mouth of the
hole." Mr. Way adds:
"I have met with nothing among the accessory ornaments of
monumental sculpture analogous to this; and though convinced that
what in itself may appear a trifling detail, _was not placed here
without design_, I am quite at a loss to conjecture what could
have been its import."
[Footnote 1: Mr. Way says _a hare_ or rabbit, forgetting that the
hare does not burrow.]
The same symbol or device, well known to all lovers of ancient
wood-engraving, appears in some of the earliest specimens of that art.
It is found in an impression of one of the oldest known playing-cards,
representing the knave of diamonds, now in the print-room of the British
Museum, of which a fac-simile is inserted at p. 214. of Chatto's
_History of Playing Cards_. Another instance of this device occurs
(without the dog) in an old woodcut, dated 1418, discovered a few years
ago at Malines, of which a copy appeared in the _Athenæum_ of Oct. 4,
1845. And a third example is contained in that celebrated and unique
woodcut of St. Christopher, dated 1423, in the possession of Earl
Spencer, copies of which may be found in Janson's _Essai sur l'Origine
de la Gravure_, and in Ottley's work. Being as fully convinced as Mr.
Way that the symbols he observed on the effigy of Richard at Rouen were
_never introduced without design_, but that they were meant to convey
some esoteric signification, I have for many years consulted both books
and friends to obtain an explanation of this allegorical device, but
without success. As a last resource, I address myself to the "N. & Q.,"
in hopes, from their having now obtained so wide a circulation, that I
may receive through their medium, and the kindness of a more learned
correspondent, a solution of this enigma.
P.S.--In addition to the above _four_ instances of the device of _a
rabbit_ occurring in ancient sculpture and wood-engraving, a French
writer, M. Th. Gautier, in the feuilleton of _La Presse_ of the 27th
September, 1851, describes the Madonna of Albert Durer as being "presque
toujours accompagnée _d'un lapin_," derived (in his opinion) from a
"vague ressouvenir du panthéisme Germanique."
SYMBOL.
IS WYLD'S GREAT GLOBE A PLAGIARISM FROM MOLENAX?
(Vol. v., p. 467.)
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