§ 2. CIVILIZATION.--Appearance.--Games.--Agriculture.--Construction of Dwellings.--Clothing. § 3. RELIGION.--General Remarks.--Festivals in Honor of the Sun and Moon.--Sacrifices.--Priests.--Sepulchral Rites. § 4. LANGUAGES.--The Timuquana Tongue.--Words Preserved by the French 111 CHAPTER IV. LATER TRIBES. § 1. Yemassees.--Uchees.--Apalachicolos.--Migrations Northwards. § 2. Seminoles 139 CHAPTER V. THE SPANISH MISSIONS. Early Attempts.--Efforts of Aviles.--Later Missions.-- Extent during the most Flourishing Period.--Decay 150 CHAPTER VI. ANTIQUITIES. Mounds.--Roads.--Shell Heaps.--Old Fields 166 APPENDIX I. The Silver Spring 183 APPENDIX II. The Mummies of the Mississippi Valley 191 APPENDIX III. The Precious Metals Possessed by the Early Floridian Indians 199 THE FLORIDIAN PENINSULA. CHAPTER I. LITERARY HISTORY. Introductory Remarks.--The Early Explorations.--The French Colonies.--The first Spanish Supremacy.--The English Supremacy.--The second Spanish Supremacy.--The Supremacy of the United States.--Maps and Charts. In the study of special and local history, the inquirer finds his most laborious task is to learn how much his predecessors have achieved. It is principally to obviate this difficulty in so far as it relates to a very interesting, because first settled portion of our country, that I present the following treatise on the bibliographical history of East Florida. A few words are necessary to define its limits, and to explain the method chosen in collocating works. In reference to the latter, the simple and natural plan of grouping into one section all works of whatever date, illustrating any one period, suggests itself as well adapted to the strongly marked history of Florida, however objectionable it might be in other cases. These periods are six in number, and consequently into six sections a bibliography naturally falls. The deeds of the early explorers, the settlement and subsequent destruction of the French, the two periods when Spain wielded the sovereign power, the intervening supremacy of England, and lastly, since it became attached to the United States, offer distinct fields of research, and are illustrated by different types of books. Such an arrangement differs not materially from a chronological adnumeration, and has many advantages of its own.