[35] Battey has the keeper signal to the herd with a firebrand. Neither Battey nor Scott mention a mounted herder; the former puts the pipe in the hands of the keeper, and the latter in those of a third man who remains in the dance lodge, but in Scott's account also the function of the pipe is to force the buffalo to enter the lodge. In Battey's account two men assist the keeper in designating warriors, and in Scott's three men with straight pipes do it. (Battey, 172-173; Scott, 362-364). [36] Battey, 173, 176; Scott, 351-352, 367, Pl. XXII; Methvin, 66, notes that his feet are painted black with sage wreaths about his ankles. [37] Lowie, 843. [38] Martinez, in Methvin's account, (71), states that the payment is made in four successive years. [39] Methvin, 71; Scott, 352, states that these men directed the sun dance as substitutes for the keeper and did the ceremonial painting, but this is contrary to my information. [40] Compare Mooney, 296. [41] Battey, 178. [42] Compare Scott, 352, 368, Pls. XVIII, XXII; Methvin, 70-71. [43] Battey, 178-179. [44] Scott, 347. [45] Battey, 181-182. [46] Mooney, 302, notes that one of these individuals carried his personal medicine in the dance. [47] Methvin, 66; Scott, 366. [48] Battey, 173-177. [49] Once, not three times a day as Scott states (366). [50] Scott, 366, places raven fans in hands of the associates. [51] In the ghost dance a shaman hypnotizes the dancers by waving a feather or scarf before their faces. The subject staggers into the ring and falls (Mooney, _Ghost dance_, 925-926). This performance may not be related to that of the Kiowa, since it appeared among the Sioux before the southern Plains tribes took up the ghost dance. On the other hand, the Paiute, from whom the ghost dance was derived, did not hypnotize. [52] Battey, 177-181. [53] Scott, 365, 367. [54] Mooney, _Kiowa Calendar History_, 282, 297, 304, 321, 322. Another suggestive similarity to the Crow is the assumption of "no-flight" obligations in both tribes at the sun dance (_Ibid._, 284, 287, 320). Transcriber's note: On page 443, 'the the' changed to 'the' (Once inside they lie down; the man with the pipe ...) End of Project Gutenberg's Notes on the Kiowa Sun Dance, by Leslie Spier