Notes on the natural history of the Bell RockCampbell, J. M. (John MacLean)
History
Notes on the natural history of the Bell Rock
Campbell, J. M. (John MacLean)
Lighthouses -- Natural history; Natural history -- Scotland -- Bell Rock
In 1815 the Northern Lighthouse Commissioners acquired the right to
erect lighthouses on the Isle of Man, which since then has been under
their jurisdiction.
In olden times, many lighthouses in England and Ireland were the
property of private individuals, who had the power of charging dues
for their erection and maintenance; but the Isle of May light was
the only one of that kind in Scotland, and it became the property of
the Commissioners of Northern Lighthouses by purchase in 1814. The
tolls or dues have long been collected for the different Boards by
the Collectors of Customs at the various ports, and are now paid into
what is called the “General Lighthouse Fund,” which is held by the
Board of Trade, and on which the Lighthouse Boards draw according to
their requirements. Sixty years ago this tax, as it may be called,
on shipping varied as regarded different lighthouses from a farthing
to one-penny-halfpenny per ton for each light passed, the rates on
over-sea voyages being generally double those for coasting voyages;
but since then they have frequently been reduced, both in amount and
in incidence. Ships of the Navy and all lighthouse vessels are, of
course, exempt from such dues. On 1st April 1899, an alteration was
made by which vessels were no longer charged a rate per ton for each
light passed, but a rate per ton per voyage, and in some cases a rate
per vessel; and a deduction was made when a number of similar voyages
took place during the year. Very recently, a further reduction has been
granted by an abatement of twelve-and-a-half per cent. on the total.
This, of course, is all paid by the shipowners, who have long been,
and still are, discontented at being charged for light dues at all,
their contention being that all the expenditure necessary for erecting
and maintaining lighthouses and other sea marks should be paid out
of the Imperial taxation of the country. They also now desire to be
represented on the three Boards, and have a share in the management.
I, who have seen half-a-century’s administration by the Commissioners
of Northern Lighthouses, may be allowed to express an opinion that it
would be very difficult to construct a Board to do its work better than
the Northern Lighthouse Board. The Commissioners require no eulogy from
me; but I cannot imagine any other body of men, be they scientific or
unscientific, nautical or commercial, paid or unpaid--and be it noted
that the Commissioners are all unpaid--taking more interest in their
work, or devoting more time and attention to it. The introduction of
shipowners, who may have conflicting interests to serve in the lighting
of different parts of the coast, might introduce an element of discord
from which the present Board, so far as I am aware, has always been
exempt.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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