1. Abducens. 2. Retrahentes muscles. 2´. Attollens maximus. 2´´. Attollens anticus. 3. Temporalis. 4. Nasalis longus. 5. Orbicularis palpebrarum. 6. Levator labii superioris alæque nasi. 7. Dilatator naris lateralis. 8. Orbicularis oris. 9. Zygomaticus. 9´. Buccinator. 10. Depressor labii inferioris. 11. Masseter. 12. Levator humeri. 13. Trapezius cervicalis. 14. Trapezius dorsalis. 15. Latissimus dorsi. 18. Pectoralis parvus. 19. Pectoralis magnus. 20. Sterno-maxillaris. 23. Subscapulo-hyoideus. 24. Antea-spinatus. 25. Teres externus. 26. Postea-spinatus. 30. Caput medium of the triceps. 31. Caput magnum extensor brachii. 33. Extensor metacarpi magnus. 34. Humeralis obliquus. 35. Extensor pedis. 36. Flexor metacarpi externus and medius. 37. Flexor metacarpi internus. 46. Cervical 47. Dorsal serratus magnus. 48. Rhomboideus longus. 49. Superficialis costarum. 50. Splenius. 52. Intercostales. 54. Tensor fasciæ latæ. 55. Triceps abductor femoris. 56. Gluteus externus. 61. Biceps rotator tibialis. 62. Rectus femoris. 63. Vastus externus. 65. Gastrocnemius externus. 68. Flexor pedis perforans. 69. Peroneus. 70. Extensor pedis. 71. Flexor metatarsi. 72. Flexor pedis accessorius. 74. Obliquus abdominis externus. VOLUNTARY MUSCLES.--The voluntary muscles are in groups. The first muscle we will call the student’s attention to, after removing the skin, is the panniculus carnosus (not shown in Plate I), which is a thin muscle, and almost entirely covering the body, which is sometimes accidentally removed by a careless person in skinning the animal. The action of this muscle is to shake the skin when flies or other objects bother the horse. This muscle is not shown in Plate I it having been removed in order to show the more important ones. HEAD MUSCLES.--At the head there is a group of muscles which assist in chewing, or masticating, the food. GULLET OR PHARYNX MUSCLES.--Around the throat is another set of muscles, sometimes called the muscles of the gullet, or pharynx, which assist in swallowing. NECK MUSCLES.--The neck muscles are divided into two groups, one on each side. The action of these is to raise and lower the head, also to turn the neck and head from side to side. MUSCLES OF THE BACK.--The muscles of the back are generally divided into two groups, one above the spinal column and the other below. The muscles above the spine assist the animal in running, jumping and rearing. The muscles below the spine are sometimes called the psoae, or lumbar, muscles, situated below the lumbar bones, or the bones of the small of the back. The action of these muscles is to assist the animal in getting up. These muscles are important, for when paralyzed the horse cannot use his hindquarters. Below these muscles are the kidneys.