The flexor muscles are situated at the back part of the leg, attached
above to the back part of the elbow joint, passing downwards at the
back part of the leg. About two or three inches above the back part
of the knee joint they become tendinous, and from there down to the
back part of the coffin bone, where two of the principle muscles are
attached; these form what is known as the back tendons, or cords, of
the leg. Some of them become attached to the back part of the knee,
same as the muscles on the front part of the leg, while the other two
principal tendons pass through a loop formed by ligaments, the same as
those mentioned in the front part of the knee. In tracing these tendons
down from the knee to the fetlock, notice that they pass through
another larger loop or sheath formed at the back of the fetlock, where
some of the fibers are attached, while others continue down at the back
part of the pastern bones, and are attached to the os pedis or coffin
bone. These tendons are important, because when they are strained the
fact is spoken of as the strain of the back tendons. The action of
these muscles is to flex the leg, bend the knee, pastern joints and
fetlock.
MUSCLES OF THE HIND LEG.--These are also divided into two groups,
extensor and flexor. The extensor muscles are situated in front of
the hind leg. They are attached above, around the stifle joint, and
pass downward in front of the tibia, or thigh bone, one being attached
to the front part of the hock. The other passes through sheaths, or
loops, supplied by a synovial membrane, formed by ligaments, to hold
the muscles firm in front while the leg is in action. In tracing them
down, in front of the shin bone to the fetlock, note that they pass
through loops, or sheaths, and continue down in front of the pastern
bones to where they are attached. The action of these is to bring the
leg forward.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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