The Ovaries in the mare correspond to the testicles in the horse. Each is about the size of a pigeon’s egg, and resembles it much in shape. They are held in place by ligaments, and at the back part are provided with tubes leading from them called the fallopian tubes. The ovaries secrete the ovum or germ. This is a very minute body, which, when examined under the microscope, is found to be only 1-150 of an inch in diameter. The Fallopian Tubes are two canals, one on each side. They pass backward and upward, and enter the front part of the uterus or womb. These small tubes are simply used to carry the germ or ovum up from the ovaries and empty into the uterus or womb. The Uterus or Womb is a muscular sac situated in the pelvic cavity, bounded above by the rectum, below by the bladder, and on either side by the walls of the pelvic cavity. It is divided into what is known as a body and a neck. The body of the womb is very small, being only about four to six inches in length and a couple of inches in diameter when the animal is not pregnant. Near the front end, at the upper side there are openings by which the ovum enters. When the animal becomes pregnant, the body of the womb becomes enlarged and passes forward and to the left side of the abdominal cavity. It continues to enlarge as the time of pregnancy passes on, until the foetus, or young, has attained its full size. After the mare has had her young, the womb begins to get smaller until it attains its natural size again. The womb is very largely supplied with blood vessels and nerves. This is especially so when the animal is pregnant, as it takes a large amount of blood to nourish the foetus, or the young animal, before birth. It is made up of three coats. The inner is called mucous membrane, and in the mare, while pregnant, is covered with numerous processes about the size of peas to which the placenta or after-birth of the foal is attached. The muscular coat is next to that of the mucous coat, and lies between the outer and inner coats of the womb. It is made up of muscular fibres, and is strong and thick in the womb, much thicker than it is in the bowels or other organs, already mentioned. This coat supports and protects the foetus, or young, while being carried in the womb, and at the time of parturition, or what is commonly known as foaling, this coat also comes in use. It contracts the womb very forcibly on the foal, while the neck of the womb lies open, thus helping to force the foal out of the womb. This is important as the contraction of this coat produces what is known as labor pains. Lying outside, and covering around the womb, is a serous coat, a continuation of the serous coat of the bowels. The womb is held in place by strong ligaments attached to the sides, and from there to the hip bones. These are called broad ligaments. At the back part of the womb is the neck. It consists of an opening, formed by a projection about the size of an egg.