Novum organon renovatum: Being the second part of the philosophy of the inductive sciencesWhewell, William
Philosophy
Novum organon renovatum: Being the second part of the philosophy of the inductive sciences
Whewell, William
Science -- Philosophy
classes are again variously subdivided: thus the Terrains Yzemiens
are _Thalassiques_, _Pelagiques_, and _Abyssiques_; and the
Abyssiques are subdivided into _Lias_, _Keuper_, _Conchiliens_,
_Pœciliens_, _Peneens_, _Rudimentaires_, _Entritiques_, _Houillers_,
_Carbonifers_ and _Gres Rouge Ancien_. Scarcely any amount of new
truths would induce geologists to burthen themselves at once with
this enormous system of new names: but in fact, it is evident that
any portion of truth, which any author can have brought to light,
may be conveyed by means of a much simpler apparatus. Such a
nomenclature carries its condemnation on its own face.
Nearly the same may be said of the systematic nomenclature proposed
for mineralogy by Professor Mohs. Even if all his Genera be really
natural groups, (a doctrine which we can have no confidence in till
they are confirmed by the evidence of chemistry,) there is no {293}
necessity to make so great a change in the received names of
minerals. His proceeding in this respect, so different from the
temperance of Linnæus and Cuvier, has probably ensured a speedy
oblivion to this part of his system. In crystallography, on the
other hand, in which Mohs's improvements have been very valuable,
there are several terms introduced by him, as _rhombohedron_,
_scalenohedron_, _hemihedral_, _systems_ of crystallization, which
will probably be a permanent portion of the language of science.
I may remark, in general, that the only persons who succeed in
making great alterations in the language of science, are not those
who make names arbitrarily and as an exercise of ingenuity, but
those who have much new knowledge to communicate; so that the
vehicle is commended to general reception by the value of what it
contains. It is only eminent discoverers to whom the authority is
conceded of introducing a new system of names; just as it is only
the highest authority in the state which has the power of putting a
new coinage in circulation.
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