Novum organon renovatum: Being the second part of the philosophy of the inductive sciencesWhewell, William
Philosophy
Novum organon renovatum: Being the second part of the philosophy of the inductive sciences
Whewell, William
Science -- Philosophy
Yet this rule admits of exceptions. _Mineralogy_, with its Greek
termination, has for its root _minera_, a medieval Latin word of
Teutonic origin, and is preferable to _Oryctology_. _Terminology_
appears to be better than _Glossology_: which according to its
derivation would be rather the science of language in general than
of technical terms; and _Horology_, from ὅρος, a term, would not be
immediately intelligible, even to Greek scholars; and is already
employed to indicate the science which treats of horologes, or
time-pieces.
Indeed, the English reader is become quite familiar with the
termination _ology_, the names of a large number of branches of
science and learning having that form. This termination is at
present rather apprehended as a formative affix in our own language,
indicating a science, than as an element borrowed from foreign
language. Hence, when it is difficult or impossible to find a Greek
term which clearly designates the subject of a science, it is
allowable to employ some other, as in _Tidology_, the doctrine of
the Tides.
The same remark applies to some other Greek elements of scientific
words: they are so familiar to us that in composition they are
almost used as part of our own language. This naturalization has
taken place very decidedly in the element _arch_, (ἀρχὸς a leader,)
as we see in _archbishop_, _archduke_. It is effected in a great
degree for the preposition _anti_: thus we speak of _anti-slavery_
societies, _anti-reformers_, _anti-bilious_, or _anti-acid_
medicines, without being conscious of any anomaly. The same is the
case with the Latin preposition _præ_ or _pre_, as appears from such
words as _pre-engage_, _pre-arrange_, _pre-judge_, _pre-paid_; and
in some measure with _pro_, for in colloquial language we speak of
_pro-catholics_ and _anti-catholics_. Also the preposition _ante_ is
similarly used, as _ante-nicene_ fathers. The preposition _co_,
abbreviated from _con_, and {331} implying things to be simultaneous
or connected, is firmly established as part of the language, as we
see in _coexist_, _coheir_, _coordinate_; hence I have called those
lines _cotidal_ lines which pass through places where the high water
of the tide occurs simultaneously.
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