Novum organon renovatum: Being the second part of the philosophy of the inductive sciencesWhewell, William
Philosophy
Novum organon renovatum: Being the second part of the philosophy of the inductive sciences
Whewell, William
Science -- Philosophy
Again: for the term 'suroccipital' of Geoffroy, Mr. Owen proposes
_paroccipital_, to avoid confusion and false suggestion: and with
reference to this word, he makes a remark in agreement with what we
have said in the discussion of Aphorism XXI.: namely, that the
combination of different languages in the derivation of words,
though to be avoided in general, is in some cases admissible. He
says, 'If the purists who are distressed by such harmless hybrids as
"mineralogy," "terminology," and "mammalogy," should protest against
the combination of the Greek prefix to the Latin noun, I can only
plead that servility to a particular source of the fluctuating
sounds of vocal language is a matter of taste: and that it seems no
unreasonable privilege to use such elements as the servants of
thought; and in the interests of science to combine them, even
though they come from different countries, when the required duty is
best and most expeditiously performed by their combination.'
So again we have illustrations of our Aphorism XII., that if terms
are systematically good they are not to be rejected because they are
etymologically inaccurate. In reference to that bone of the skull
which has commonly been called _vomer_, the ploughshare: a term
which Geoffroy rejected, but which Mr. Owen retains, he says, 'When
Geoffrey was induced to reject the term _vomer_ as being applicable
only to the peculiar form of the bone in a small portion of the
vertebrata, he appears not to have considered that the old term, in
its wider application, would be used without reference to its
primary allusion to the ploughshare, and that becoming, as it {354}
has, a purely arbitrary term, it is superior and preferable to any
partially descriptive one.'
Another condition which I have mentioned in Aphorism XX., as
valuable in technical terms is, that they should be susceptible of
such grammatical relations as their scientific use requires.
This is, in fact, one of the grounds of the Aphorism which we have
already borrowed from Mr. Owen, that we are to prefer single
substantives to descriptive phrases. For from such substantives we
can derive adjectives, and other forms; and thus the term becomes,
as Mr. Owen says, _a better instrument of thought_. Hence, he most
consistently mentions it as a recommendation of his system of names,
that by them the results of a long series of investigations into the
special homologies of the bones of the head are expressed in simple
and definite terms, _capable of every requisite inflection_ to
express the proportion of the parts.
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