Observations on the Diseases of SeamenBlane, Gilbert, Sir
History
Observations on the Diseases of Seamen
Blane, Gilbert, Sir
Medicine, Naval -- Early Works To 1800; Sailors -- Diseases
After the disease is removed, a long state of weakness is apt to
succeed, especially in a warm climate. The most proper remedies,
then, are bitters, such as decoctions of Peruvian bark, infusions
of quassia bark, gentian, or camomile flowers. These answer better
than the bark in substance, which is now apt to nauseate and load
the stomach, and the patient is apt to take an aversion to this and
whatever else he took in a state of sickness. The best strengthening
medicines are such as comfort the stomach and create appetite; and we
may mention Huxham’s tincture of bark, in small doses, and a moderate
use of wine, as the most proper for these purposes. Where colliquative
sweats take place, elixir of vitriol is serviceable, and with this
intention I have joined it, with evident advantage, to the evening
anodyne, which, without such a corrector, tends rather to aggravate
this symptom. I have known assafœtida prove a useful stimulus to the
stomach at this time, and it may even be used while the fever subsists,
especially where the secretions of the fauces are scanty. This medicine
is recommended by Sir John Pringle in the same circumstances. But I
consider the prudent use of opiates, particularly at bedtime, as the
most effectual cordial and strengthening medicine in this convalescent
state.
But with regard to the management of the sick at this time, as much
depends on diet as medicine. Nothing has been said concerning this in
the acute state of fever, because no nourishment is then necessary. In
that state there is a loathing of all food, and the powers of digestion
and assimilation seem to be then suspended, so that alimentary
substances become not only an useless load, but offensive and hurtful
by turning acid or putrid. It is likewise evident from fact, as well
as reason, that nature, in this situation, does not require sustenance;
for we frequently see people labouring under fevers who do well and
recover, though they have been entirely without nourishment for a
length of time in which the like abstinence in a state of health would
have proved fatal. The friends and attendants of the sick, from a
prejudice not unnatural, but not considering the difference between
health and that state of derangement which takes place in fever, are
for ever wishing to supply the patient with nourishment, and every
physician meets with trouble in counteracting this officiousness.
Nevertheless, when the fever draws out to a considerable length, and
the principal symptom is that state of weakness which, in low fevers,
runs insensibly into that of convalescence, then it is necessary to pay
the utmost attention to nourishment, and nothing tends more to insure
and hasten recovery than the assiduous administration of light and
nourishing food, the same cautions being observed which have just been
mentioned with regard to cordials. One of the greatest hardships of a
sea life is the want of those articles of diet that are suitable to a
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