This early and seasonable measure will, in many cases, put a stop to the disease, especially if the patient is thrown into a sweat immediately after the bowels have been thus thoroughly evacuated. It is of great service in this disease to promote free perspiration, and even a plentiful sweat, which may be effected with great advantage by giving, at bed time, a medicine composed of opium, ipecacuana, and a little neutral salt, accompanying it with plentiful warm dilution. Nothing tends more to relieve griping and tenesmus than a general, warm moisture on the skin. The ipecacuana, which is an ingredient in this medicine, is one of the best anti-dysenteric remedies we know; the opium procures rest; and this, joined to the sudorific effect of the whole, not only gives a temporary relief, but tends to carry off the disease. It is most properly given in the evening; for there would be this inconvenience in constantly encouraging a sweat, that if the tenesmus should return, it would either be checked by the patient getting frequently out of bed, or there would be danger of his catching cold. I am well aware that we cannot be too cautious with regard to the use of opium in the beginning of this disease; but it is admissible more early in a hot climate than a cold one, as the inflammatory symptoms are less violent and can be sooner subdued; besides, it becomes an entirely different medicine when conjoined with the other ingredients that have been mentioned. The best medicine in the day time we found to be small doses of ipecacuana alone twice or thrice a day; and if there should be fresh collections of bile, small doses of the saline purgative will be necessary. Ipecacuana in this intention, may be given in the dose of two grains in athletic constitutions, such as those of seamen; but in the more delicate constitutions, such as are commonly met with in private practice, one grain is a sufficient dose. I have found manna and tamarinds a good addition to this medicine in the earlier stages of the disease, where there was much bile; but in a more advanced stage of it they are apt to produce gripings and flatulence. The marks of a redundance of bile are, a sickness at stomach, a sense of scalding at the anus when the stools are passing, and the yellow or green colour of the stools themselves. It is apt also to excite symptoms of fever, such as a foul tongue, a hot and dry skin, with thirst. When collections of it are suspected in this disease, it is best to evacuate it by vomiting, for it is thereby prevented from irritating the bowels, and from arriving at the inflamed parts with, perhaps, increased acrimony, acquired in passing through the whole length of the intestines.