Ocean Gardens. The History of the Marine Aquarium: and the best methods now adopted for its establishment and preservation.Humphreys, Henry Noel
History
Ocean Gardens. The History of the Marine Aquarium: and the best methods now adopted for its establishment and preservation.
Humphreys, Henry Noel
Aquariums
The species of _Lucernaria_, which has received the specific
denomination of _auricula_, from its slight resemblance in form to the
flower of that name, is delineated in Plate VIII., attached to a slender
branch of sea-weed, just above the two large Sea-Anemonies. This species
of _Lucernaria_ is generally of a light pinkish colour, and is, in
general form, perhaps more like a Convolvulus than an Auricula. Two
species have been most beautifully delineated in all their details by
Mrs. Johnston, in her husband’s magnificent work on British Zoöphytes.
These drawings are, in fact, so charmingly and, at the same time,
accurately executed, that it would seem that the pencil ought to be
guided by delicate female fingers when portraying these
minutely-intricate and unusual forms of animal life. The exquisite
drawings by Mrs. J. E. Gray, in her work on the curious molluscous
animals, whose habitations alone, the beautiful sea-shells of our
cabinets, were, till recently, all that was known of them, afford
further evidence, if it were needed, of the aptitude of the more
finely-strung female capacity for this department of scientific
portraiture. The name of Mrs. Griffiths is also honourably associated
with the study of natural science, especially that connected with our
marine _Algæ_—a beautiful division of sea-weeds—having received its name
Griffithsia, in honour of the esteemed services of that accomplished
lady.
The _Lucernaria campanulata_, which is of a somewhat more bell-shaped
form than the preceding, is of an uniform liver colour; and in the
hollow of the flower-like cup the “mouth” projects, in a square form in
the centre. There are three known species of British _Lucernariæ_, which
would all form highly curious objects in the Aquarium; but they are
excessively delicate and fragile creatures, hanging suspended from the
object to which they are attached, when taken out of the water, like a
mere lump of jelly, and would doubtless be very difficult of transport,
and probably not capable of retaining life in a state of confinement,
except for a short time.
The “compound Zoöphytes,” or, more properly, _Polyps_, as being, as it
were, many creatures in one, are still more curious than the two classes
just described. A common example of this class is the _Alyconium
digitatum_, looking like a mass of short fingers, when the final florets
are closed, as its specific name imports, being sometimes called, by the
fishermen of our northern coasts, Dead-men’s-toes. Each finger-like cell
contains a separate creature, whose tentacles, when expanded, form the
floret, after the manner of those of the Sea-Anemonies, but yet each
separate creature is vitally attached to a central polypidom, or spine,
which binds the whole group into one existence.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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