Produced by Adrian Mastronardi, Chris Logan, The Philatelic Digital Library Project at http://www.tpdlp.net and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net OCEAN STEAM NAVIGATION AND THE OCEAN POST. BY THOMAS RAINEY. NEW-YORK: D. APPLETON & CO., 346 & 348 BROADWAY. TRUBNER & CO., PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON. 1858. Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1857, by JOHN GLENN RAINEY, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern District of New-York. DEDICATED, IN TOKEN OF RESPECT AND ESTEEM, TO THE HON. AARON VENABLE BROWN POST MASTER GENERAL OF THE UNITED STATES. Reprinted 1977 by Eastern Press, Inc. New Haven, Conn. Published by Edward N. Lipson Distributed by a Gatherin' Post Office Box 175 Wynantskill, N.Y. 12198 PREFACE. In offering to the Government and the public this little volume on Ocean Steam Navigation and the Ocean Post, I am conscious of my inability to present any new views on a subject that has engaged the attention of many of the most gifted statesmen and economists of this country and Europe. There is, however, no work, so far as I am informed, in any country, which treats of Marine Steam Navigation in its commercial, political, economic, social, and diplomatic bearings, or discusses so far the theory and practice of navigation as to develop the cost and difficulties attending high speed on the ocean, or the large expense incurred in a rapid, regular, and reliable transport of the foreign mails. It has been repeatedly suggested to the undersigned by members of Congress, and particularly by some of the members of the committees on the Post Office and Post Roads in the Senate and House of Representatives, that there was no reliable statement, such as that which I have endeavored to furnish, on the general topics connected with trans-marine steam navigation, to which those not specially informed on the subject, could refer for the settlement of the many disputed points brought before Congress and the Departments. It is represented that there are many conflicting statements regarding the capabilities of ocean steam; the cost of running vessels; the consumption of fuel; the extent and costliness of repairs; the depreciation of vessels; the cost of navigating them; the attendant incidental expenses; the influence of ocean mails in promoting trade; the wants of commercial communities; the adaptation of the mail vessels to the war service; the rights of private enterprise; and the ability of ocean steamers generally to support themselves on their own receipts.