φασμα in like manner doth signifie an elfe, a sighte or vaine apparition. =Suidas= maketh a difference betwéene _Phantasma_ and _Phantasia_, saying, that _Phantasma_ is an imagination, an appearance or sight of a thing which is not, as are those sightes which men in their sléepe do thinke they sée: but that _Phantasia_, is the séeing of that onely which is in very déede. [Sidenote: Pneuma.] [Sidenote: _Luk._24.] πνεῦμα is taken in =Luke 24.= chapter, for a spirite or vaine imagination. Howbeit most commonly some other word is ioyned vnto it, if it bee put for an euill spirite: as πνεύματα πλανά πονηρα. The Gentiles (as S. =Augustine= and other Fathers doo testifie) supposed that the soules of men became _Dæmones_, that is, good or euil angels: which if they had done well, then were they called _Lares_, that is priuate gods: but if they haue done euill, then were they named _Lemures_, or _Larue_, bugs and Elues. But if it were doubted whether they had liued well or ill, then were they called _Manes_. =Apuleius= and other old writers affirme, that _Genij_ and _Lares_ were all one. [Sidenote: Lares.] [Sidenote: Præstites.] It was supposed (as =Festus= witnesseth) that _Lares_, were the soules of men, or else infernall gods. _Lares_ were called _Præstites_, because they made all things safe with their eies: that is, they saued and preserued all things. [Sidenote: Hostilij.] And Authors affirme, they were called _Hostilij_, for that they were supposed to driue away enemies. Neither were they thought to beare rule only in priuate houses, & in crosse méeting waies, but also to defend Cities. They were likewise worshipped priuately in houses, and openly in the high wayes. As touching those that were called _Lares_, you may read more in =Anthonius Constantius=, of =Fauentia= his Commentaries, and in =Ouid.lib.5.Fastorum=. [Sidenote: Genius.] _Genius_ (say the Grammarians) is the naturall god of euery place, of euery thing, or of euery man when we are borne, as it is written, we haue two _Genij_, whereof the one encourageth vs to doo well, the other to doo euill. _Genius_ (saith =Censorinus=) is a god in whose gouernance euery man doth liue, so soone as he is borne: either because hée taketh care for our begetting, or that he is engendred with vs, or else that he taketh charge and defence of vs when we are begotten. Sure it is, he is called _Genius_, _à gignendo_, that is, of begetting. [Sidenote: Penates]. _Penates_ likewise are domesticall gods. =Macrobius= affirmeth, that they are gods by whom we onely breathe, by whom we enioy this body, and by whom we possesse the reason of our mindes. =Nonius= saith, _Lemures_ are spirites walking by night, and terrors rising of pictures of mē & beasts. Other say, that _Lemures_ are euil and hurtfull shapes which appeare in the night, yea and that they be the soules of those that make men black and blew, called after that name. [Sidenote: Vmbræ.]