Of Medicine, in Eight BooksCelsus, Aulus Cornelius
History
Of Medicine, in Eight Books
Celsus, Aulus Cornelius
Medicine, Greek and Roman
Nothing is better than to sear it immediately. Neither is that painful,
for it has no feeling, because such flesh is mortified. And the burning
should be continued, till there is a sense of pain on every side. After
this, the ulcer is to be cured in the same manner, as other burns.
For by eating medicines is produced an eschar, which being entirely
separated from the quick flesh, draws with it whatever was corrupted;
and the sinus, by this time clean, may be dressed with incarning
medicines. But if the disorder be in the surface of the skin, medicines
barely eating, or at most caustic, may be sufficient. The violence of
the cure is to be proportioned to the malady. Whatever medicine is
applied, if it has the desired effect, will immediately separate the
corrupted part from the quick.
And we may generally be confident of success, if the corrupted flesh
falls off, wherever such medicine eats down; if that does not happen,
and the medicine is overcome by the disease, an immediate recourse
must be had to the actual cautery. But in such a case, the patient
must abstain from food and wine. It is also proper to drink water
plentifully. And these directions are to be observed more strictly, if
a febricula be added to the other complaints.
[Sidenote: _Of a Cancer._]
There is not so great danger of a cancer[EZ], unless it be irritated by
the imprudence of the physician. This disease generally happens in the
superior parts, about the face, the nose, ears, lips, and breasts of
women. It also rises from the liver, or spleen. About the place there
are pricking pains; it is immoveable, and unequally swelled; it is also
sometimes insensible. Around it the veins are inflated, and tortuous;
and either pale or livid; in some also, they are concealed from view.
Touching the part gives pain to some, to others none. Sometimes it is
harder, or softer, than it ought naturally to be, without any ulcer; at
other times, all other circumstances being as above described, there
is likewise an ulcer. Sometimes it has no peculiar characteristic to
distinguish it; at other times it resembles those which the Greeks call
condylomata[FA], but has an asperity and magnitude peculiar to itself.
And its colour is red, or resembling that of a lentil. Neither is it
safe to cut it; for immediately there follows either a palsy, or a
convulsion. Often when a person receives a blow upon it, he loses his
speech and faints. In some also if the tumour itself be compressed,
the contiguous parts grow tense and swell. Now this is a very bad
kind(79). Its general progress is this; first appears what the Greeks
call a cacoethes[FB], then it becomes a carcinoma, without an ulcer.
From that an ulcer; and from an ulcer a thymium.
[EZ] καρκίνωμα.
[FA] κονδυλώματα.
[FB] κακόηθες.
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