In the parish churchyard of Whalley, Lancashire, stands a cross (Fig. 34), which was, no doubt, originally a monolith, but has been broken across, and appears to have had its fractured edges trimmed and squared. At any rate, part of the stem, perhaps as much as 2 ft. of the height, where the cross-head rests upon it, is obviously missing. The arms also are missing, but the cross was originally of much the same outline as that of the cross at Irton and that from Cheadle. The ornament of the Whalley cross, however, is of much more refined execution. The date of it may be about 1000. In the churchyard of Wolverhampton, Staffordshire, opposite to the south porch, stands an ancient shaft, 14 ft. high, traditionally known as the Danes' cross (Fig. 2). It rises from a round stone, 7 ft. in diameter, and its form is that of a cylinder, 2 ft. 6 in. in diameter, tapering toward the neck. Almost the entire surface of the shaft is covered with sculptured ornament of about the year 1150 to 1175. There is, or was, a somewhat similar example in the churchyard of Leek, in the same county. Another twelfth-century cross is that inscribed in memory of Ralph's son, William, at Fletton, in Huntingdonshire (Figs. 40, 41). This cross is a monolith, though the continuity of the design is interrupted by a heavy fillet, forming a horizontal band round the middle of the shaft. [Illustration: 36. WHITFORD, FLINTSHIRE EAST SIDE OF CROSS, NAMED MAEN Y CHWYFAN] [Illustration: 37. ST COLUMB MAJOR, CORNWALL HEAD OF A CROSS IN THE CHURCHYARD] [Illustration: 38. MAWGAN-IN-PYDER, CORNWALL LANHERNE HOUSE NUNNERY, CROSS FROM ROSEWORTHY, GWINEAR] [Illustration: 39. BAKEWELL, DERBYSHIRE CROSS IN CHURCHYARD] [Illustration: 40, 41. FLETTON, HUNTINGDONSHIRE FRONT AND BACK OF CROSS] [Illustration: 42. HEXHAM, NORTHUMBERLAND CROSS AT ST GILES' HOSPITAL] [Illustration: 43. WOOLER, HEDGELEY MOOR, NORTHUMBERLAND PERCY'S CROSS] [Illustration: 44. BLANCHLAND, NORTHUMBERLAND CROSS IN THE ABBEY CHURCHYARD] The remains of the cross in the grounds of the Spital at Hexham (Fig. 42) offer an instance of vine scrollwork, derived from debased late-classic ornament. Another side of the shaft is sculptured in low relief with a primitive representation of the Crucifixion between two figures, which, however, bear but slight resemblance to the Mary and John of post-Conquest tradition.