extend to the summit, and undoubtedly further examination would reveal more fossils. Several specimens were sent to the National Museum and pronounced Carboniferous in age. We have here, then, the first announcement of the age of the Santa Ana range. This range stands in such intimate relation to the granite and crystalline schists farther south, that an approximate determination of the latter is made possible. Professor Whitney and others following him have classified this range as Cretaceous. Their grounds are utterly untenable stratigraphically, but this discovery of Carboniferous fossils makes the evidence of greater age certain. On the eastern side of the range, near its northern end, the sandstones were observed to be silicified, being filled with a network of quartz veinlets, exactly similar to the silicification of the metamorphic rocks of the Coast Range proper. The lowest Cretaceous beds are between Silverado and Williams Cañons, but the fossils are very similar to those generally found through the Cretaceous of this region. The lowest beds are a duplicate of those seen at the mouth of the Silverado Cañon, though apparently a thousand feet lower in the series. Between the two beds there is another conglomerate stratum, carrying bowlders different from any seen in the Santa Ana Mountains. Many of the porphyry bowlders in the basal Cretaceous conglomerates resemble the porphyry about Temescal. The Santa Clara Coal Mine, at the mouth of Silverado Cañon, is undoubtedly in strata of Cretaceous age, though no fossils are found in the strata above till the Miocene is reached. Up the Santiago Cañon as far as Madame Modjeska’s place, the fossils are chiefly confined to the eastern side of the cañon, but the character, dip, and strike of the strata on both sides are the same. The Cretaceous is separated from the metamorphics by a line of cross cañons. The highest portions of the Cretaceous terminate in a line of hills with sharp eastern escarpments. Shrewsbury Cañon comes in just below Modjeska’s. After passing the Cretaceous, through which the cañon has cut, the Metamorphic Series was seen to consist of slates and sandstones, followed by light-colored granitic rocks, chiefly hornblende and triclinic feldspar. The metamorphic rocks generally dip to the east. A mile above Modjeska’s the Santiago Cañon cuts through bold cliffs of Cretaceous sandstones and conglomerates, and higher up still has eroded a cañon in the Metamorphic Series. The cliffs, a little back from the stream, rise probably 1,000 feet. Sandstone belonging to the Metamorphic Series outcrops in the cañon for some distance, and is followed by conglomeritic porphyries, containing purple and red bowlders. In some places the inclusions are angular. These rocks are extensively developed about the Santiago Mines and higher up in the mountains.