Ormond, Earl of, leader of loyal Irish, 146–148; surrenders Dublin, 149; heads moderate Irish Catholics, 150; his supporters in Ireland, 151; his troops at Drogheda, 153; in Ireland, 159 “Ossawatomie Brown,” 145 Pale, the, in Ireland, 146, 147 Papacy, the, Henry VIII.’s attitude toward, 7; “papacy or prelacy,” 197 Papal nuncio, in Ireland, 148 Parliament, Pym’s view of government by, 5; growing powers under Elizabeth and James, 22; Charles I.’s third, 27; its struggles with the King, 29; Covenant taken by, 78; Cromwell’s speech against the generals as members in, 93; Cromwell’s attitude toward, 101; factions after First Civil War, 106, 108 _et seq._; army majority in, 116; negotiations with King and army, 117; Irish coalition against, 120; makes Blake admiral, 130; Cromwell’s dealings with, after Second Civil War, 131; plans of union with King against army, 134; Irish support of, 143; aided by Coote in Ireland, 150; summons Cromwell from Ireland, 162; heirship to royal powers, 178; conflict with army after Scotch wars, 178 _et seq._; law reform, 181; Dutch Wars, 181; non-reëlection bill, 185–187; its rule distasteful to Cromwell, 195; under the Protectorate, 198; representation under the Protectorate, 201 _et seq._; dissolution of the Rump, 209; Second, under the Protectorate, 215; summoned by Richard Cromwell, 232; Cromwell’s speech to Second Protectorate Parliament, 236. _See also Barebones; Commons; Rump; Long Parliament, etc._ Parliamentarians, military forces of, 57; strength of, 61; in Cornwall and Yorkshire, 63; military leaders, 68; resources, 69; weakness of their cavalry, 73; operations at Gainsborough, 81; aided by the Scotch, 84; at York, 85; at Marston Moor, 88; at Copredy Bridge, 91; leader, removed by Cromwell, 93; reorganization of army, 94; reverses after Marston Moor, 95; outnumber Royalists at Naseby, 95 _et seq._; dissensions of, after First Civil War, 99 _et seq._; opposition to Moderate Irish party, 152 Peace, slothfulness of, under James I., 21; desire for, by mercantile communities, 182 Peasantry, in England, 61 Pembroke (Ireland), capture of, by Royalists, 121 Penal laws, English enforcement of, in Ireland, 162 Penances, observed by Royalists on anniversaries of Charles I.’s death, 240 Penn, at San Domingo, 229 Peter the Great, 237 Peters, Hugh, chaplain to Cromwell, 71 Petition of Right, becomes law, 28; disregarded by the King, 32; supported by Cromwell, 45 Philadelphia, church to Royal Martyr there, 138 Philip of Spain, bigotry of, 15; merciless to persons of his own faith in other nationalities, 16, 156 Philiphaugh, Battle of, 98 Philippines, the, American volunteers in, 67 Phillips, Wendell, American Abolitionist, 103 Phineas, 160