Pikemen, their function in seventeenth-century war, 59; tactical position of, 60; at Winwick Church, 128 Pistols, use of, by seventeenth-century cavalry, 60 Plantations, English, in Ireland, 16, 146 Platform, American Republicans’ in 1860, 193 Plundering, suppressed by Cromwell, 75; punishments for, at Winchester, 98; Cromwell’s suppression of, in Scotland, 131, 153 Policy, necessity of adjusting a nation’s foreign and domestic, 20; Cromwell actuated by, 93 Politics, as influenced by religious feeling, 19 Pope, the, Cromwell’s view of, 173 Portuguese, the, 16 Prayer-Book, the, Laud’s attempted introduction of, at Edinburgh, 39; prohibited under the Protectorate, 198; denied to Episcopalians under the Commonwealth, 217 Preachers, arrest of, under the Protectorate, 199 Presbyterian Church, in Scotland, 18 Presbyterian English, natural allies of Scotch, 55 Presbyterian ministers, in Scotland, 130 Presbyterian Royalists, against the army, 120; in Parliament, 177 Presbyterianism, its growth in the Anglican Church under James I., 23; sympathy with Scottish revolt, 40; orthodoxy of, 80 Presbyterians, in Parliamentarian army, 76; in Civil Wars, 92; generals in House of Commons, 93, 94; intolerance of, 104; faith of, 106; ascendancy of, in Parliament, 108; their intolerance compared with Laud’s, 109; feared by Puritans, 111; efforts at reconciliation with Parliamentarians, 115; take issue with the King against the army, 116, 120; commotion of, in London, 121; at Ulster, 122; cruel treatment of, as Puritan prisoners, 126; in Parliament after Second Civil War, 131 _et seq._; in touch with Ulster Irish, 146; rupture with Independents, 150; stand against Cromwell, 164; position under the Protectorate, 200, 220 “Presbyter but Priest writ large,” 111 Presidency, the American, Lincoln’s candidacy for, 103 Preston, Battle of, 124 _et seq._; Second Civil War ended by, 130 Preston, Irish leader, 149 Pride, Colonel, Parliamentary leader, 76; at Preston, 126; at Winwick Church, 128; in the Commons, 136 Pride’s Purge, 136 Priests, loyalty of, to peasants in Ireland, 17; Milton’s view of, 111; slaughter of, at Drogheda, 154; persecuted in Ireland, 223 Prisoners, cruel treatment of, by Puritans, 129, 155, 174 Property, threatened under the Protectorate, 203 Protective tariffs, 183 Protector, the, office of, 197 _et seq._ Protectorate, the, 197 _et seq._; rule of, in Ireland, 221–225 Protectorate Parliament, dismissed by Cromwell, 210, 212, 213 Protestantism, height of, in England, 9; European sects, 11; modern individual results of, 12; the creed of liberty, 17