Efforts to preserve the Olympic wilderness started in 1904 when Representative Francis W. Cushman introduced a bill for the establishment of Elk National Park. The bill did not pass. In 1906 and 1908, Representative William E. Humphrey introduced bills to create a game refuge on the Olympic Peninsula. These bills also failed. Two days before the end of the Theodore Roosevelt administration he asked the President to set aside a National Monument in the Olympic Mountains under authority of the Antiquities Act of 1906. By Presidential proclamation, Mount Olympus National Monument was established in 1909. The monument was within the boundaries of Olympic National Forest. From 1909 to 1933, it was administered by the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. By Executive order, the monument was transferred to the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, on June 10, 1933. Efforts to establish a national park in the Olympics were renewed in 1935. Representative Monrad C. Wallgren repeatedly introduced bills to have this done, but without success at first. President Roosevelt visited the Olympic Peninsula in 1937 and expressed approval of a large Olympic National Park. The act of June 29, 1938, established Olympic National Park and abolished Mount Olympus National Monument. The park now has an area of 1,400 square miles. Suggested Readings Indians Underhill, Ruth. _Indians of the Pacific Northwest._ 232 pp. Haskell Institute. Lawrence, Kansas, 1944. Complete description of the culture of the Northwest Indians. History Hult, Ruby El. _The Untamed Olympics._ 267 pp. Binfords & Mort. Portland, Oregon, 1954. History of the Olympic Peninsula from discovery to present. Geology Danner, Wilber R. _Geology of Olympic National Park._ 68 pp. Univ. of Washington Press. Seattle, 1955. Well illustrated booklet explaining the complex geological history of the park in terms the untrained geologist can understand. Sharp, Robert P. _Glaciers._ 78 pp. Univ. of Oregon Press. 1960. Excellent description of the complex structure and behavior of glaciers. Provides information from current studies of Blue Glacier on Mount Olympus. Botany Brockman, Frank C. _Trees of Mount Rainier National Park._ 49 pp. Univ. of Washington Press. Seattle, 1949. (Popular.) Excellent guide to identification of trees which also occur in Olympic National Park. Written by former chief park naturalist. Lyons, Chester P. _Trees, Shrubs and Flowers to Know in Washington._ 211 pp. J. M. Dent. Vancouver, Canada, 1956. (Popular.) Well illustrated aid to identification of most of the plants in the park.