On adipocire, and its formationWetherill, Charles Mayer
Science
On adipocire, and its formation
Wetherill, Charles Mayer
Adipocere; Fatty acids; Postmortem changes
The alcoholic solution from which the oleate and other lead salts
were precipitated by acetate of lead, was evaporated to dryness, and
treated by ether, when another portion of oleic acid was obtained. It
results from this that the quantity of oleic acid in the adipocire is
small. The greater portion of the lead salt was insoluble in ether and
alcohol, its fat was separated and added to the first crop of crystals
which fell from the alcoholic solution of the fat from saponification.
To ascertain whether any glycerine was in combination with the fatty
acids in the adipocire, the aqueous solution from which the crop was
precipitated by tartaric acid during the purification of the fat, was
heated, filtered from small fat globules, and after removing the tartar
deposit, subjected to distillation. The acid residue of the retort
was neutralized by carb. potash, and after evaporating on the water
bath was exhausted with absolute alcohol, which proved the absence of
glycerine, as it gave on evaporating nothing but a small residue of
colouring matter, which was yellow, and of a bitter taste.
The distillate in this experiment had a goat-like smell, and it was
doubtful whether it reacted acid to litmus paper. Baryta water was
added to alkaline reaction, for which but a small quantity was needed,
and the solution evaporated. There was but little residue, which, on
the addition of a drop of hydrochloric acid and water, emitted a rancid
smell, but no oil globule appeared; the volatile fatty acids may,
therefore, be considered to be present in the adipocire only in faint
traces.
The following melting points were obtained:--The first crop of crystals
from the alcoholic solution of the fat after saponification, which,
when melted, cooled with a stellated surface, tried three times by
dipping the thermometer bulb in the melted solution, and noting the
temperature when it became opaque, gave 55° for the solidifying point.
In a capillary tube, begins to melt at 57°, fluid at 59°, on cooling,
opaque at 55°; this portion was taken from the capsule on melting the
fat, before the whole mass was melted: another portion taken when all
was fluid, and after stirring, gave the same results.
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