On March 6th, 1848, a man was placed on the operating table in St. George’s Hospital, with a strangulated femoral hernia. I administered chloroform to him at the request of Mr. H. C. Johnson; and when he became completely insensible and the muscular system relaxed, Mr. Johnson readily reduced the hernia by means of the taxis, although it was previously quite incapable of reduction. If the taxis had not been successful, the operation, for which the instruments were arranged ready, would at once have been performed whilst the patient was insensible. I do not think that chloroform has been sufficiently employed of late years during the application of the taxis to strangulated hernia. In every case in which sickness was present, it was relieved by the chloroform. And vomiting returned in scarcely any instance, after the chloroform, so long as I remained in the room. _Operations for Hæmorrhoids and Prolapsus Ani._ I have memoranda of 171 operations for these affections in which I have administered chloroform. A great number of these operations have been performed by Mr. Fergusson and Mr. Salmon; but I have also assisted Mr. Cæsar Hawkins, Mr. Bowman, Mr. Quain, Mr. Erichsen, and a number of other surgeons, whilst performing this operation. The patient always lies on one or the other side during this operation, with the knees drawn up towards the stomach. The chloroform should be inhaled till the patient is quite insensible, that is, till the edge of the eyelid can be touched without causing winking, otherwise he is apt to stretch out his legs, as soon as the operation is commenced. Ligatures always, or nearly always, introduced with a needle, have been applied to the mucous membrane in every case both of hæmorrhoids and prolapsus ani, except in two or three in which Mr. Henry Lee applied nitric acid and the actual cautery. In a great number of the cases, however, folds of redundant and diseased skin were cut away from around the anus, with a pair of large curved scissors, after the ligatures had been applied to the mucous membrane. It is the rule in these cases never to cut the mucous membrane, and never to tie the skin. It is desirable to get the patient to protrude the hæmorrhoids by bearing down at the night stool before he inhales the chloroform, and they always remain protruded during the operation; indeed, there is generally a good deal of bearing down during the operation under chloroform, and if the bowels have not been entirely emptied, they are apt to act as the operation is being performed. It is customary, and very desirable, to give a full dose of opium almost as soon as the patient wakes from the chloroform, to diminish the pain caused by the ligatures. I have, in a few cases, continued to administer the chloroform at intervals for an hour or two after the operation, till the opium began to take effect; and I consider that it would be useful, in some cases, to give the opiate two or three hours before the operation.