The hard palate—The velum and its muscles—The mucous membrane—The blood supply—The shape and size of the hard palate—Functions 26-35 CHAPTER III. DEVELOPMENT. Normal development of mouth, face, nose, and teeth—Ossification—Development of intermaxilla; old ideas (Goethe’s, &c.); Albrecht’s theory—Harelip; position of cleft in alveolus, and in lip—Dentition; accessory teeth—Development of other deformities 36-59 CHAPTER IV. THE ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF HARELIP AND CLEFT PALATE. Harelip—Effect of labial muscles on deformity—Structure of os incisivum and labial segments. Cleft palate—Arrangement and action of muscles—Shape of bony segments—Associated irregularity in shape of skull—Physiological effects in nutrition, articulation, &c. 60-71 CHAPTER V. OPERATIVE TREATMENT OF HARELIP. Period of operation—Statistics—Precautions to be adopted. Operation for single harelip: incisions; sutures; dressing; after-treatment—Various plans adopted. Operation for double harelip: treatment of os incisivum—extirpation or reposition; treatment of soft parts 72-100 CHAPTER VI. OPERATIVE TREATMENT OF CLEFT PALATE. Period of operation—Preparation of patient—Anæsthesia—Duties of the assistant—Instruments—Description of uranoplasty; of staphyloraphy—After-treatment—Complications—Modifications of the operation 101-138 CHAPTER VII. ON OBTURATORS AND ARTIFICIAL VELA 139-145 CHAPTER VIII. RESULTS OF TREATMENT—AFTER-TREATMENT 146-153 CHAPTER IX. SYPHILITIC AFFECTIONS OF THE PALATE 154-156 ADDENDUM. RECTAL ANÆSTHESIA 157, 158 INDEX 159 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 1. Hare’s lip (_Bland Sutton_). 2-6. Different varieties of harelip (after _Tillmanns_). 7, 8. Double harelip with projection of os incisivum, seen from the front and in profile (_Fergusson_). 9. Complete cleft palate with double alveolar harelip (_Mason_). 10. Complete cleft palate without alveolar or labial deformity (_Mason_). 11. Complete unilateral cleft palate with vomer attached to one segment (_Mason_). 12-14. Incomplete fissures of the palate (_Mason_). 15. Cleft of lip, alveolus, and anterior part of palate only (_Mason_).