Adaptation of Scots fir to moist soils, even to peat-moss, . . . 338 An account by Mr Cruickshank of the most economical and successful mode of planting moors and bleak mountains, . . . 340 Method of planting by the flat dibble or single notch, . . . 343 ————— ————— by the double notch or cross-slitting, . . . 344 Expense and comparative merits of each, . . . 345 These methods of planting best adapted for a sterile country, where the weeds are small, . . . 346 Practice by the writer of cultivating young plantation by the plough, suited for rich soil, . . . 347 Best season for planting moist soils, . . . 348 Manner in which frost throws up the young plant from the soil, . . . 349 Mr Cruickshank’s plan of raising oak forest _in situ_ from the seed, . . . 351 That although the bare plan given by our author, of sowing _in situ_, under the shelter of nurses, is good, his directions for executing it are not very judicious, . . . 352 Advantages of this plan which Mr Cruickshank has not noticed, . . . 353 That the power of ripening seed is not increased by shelter in proportion to the power of growing, . . . 356 That the line of seed ripening, and not the line of growing, regulates the natural distribution of plants in respect to climate, . . . 357 That oaks, under this plan of sowing _in situ_ under shelter, can be extended to a climate inferior to the natural, . . . ib. That oaks grown in the low country, and best climate of Scotland, appear not to ripen the seed sufficiently. Thence the probability that oak now would not even keep its present locality in the low country of Scotland, although it may “be taught to rise in our” alpine country, . . . 358 APPENDIX. NOTE A.—That universal empire is practicable only under naval power, . . . 363 NOTE B. On hereditary nobility and entail, . . . 364 NOTE C. Instinct or habit of breed, . . . 369 Nautical and roving disposition of the superior breed which has spread westward over the maritime provinces of Britain, and over nearly the whole continent of North America, . . . 370 Influence of change of place, . . . 371 Influence of civilization and confinement upon the complexion, . . . 372 Difference of character between the population of the northern and southern maritime provinces of Britain, . . . 373 That the middle and southern portion of the North Temperate Zone is not so favourable to human existence as the northern portion, . . . 375 NOTE D. Use of the selfish passions, . . . 376 NOTE E. Injudicious measurement law of the tonnage of vessels, rendering our mercantile marine of defective proportions, . . . 377 NOTE F. On the mud depositions or alluvium on the eastern coast of Britain, . . . 378 Probability that a delta of this alluvium, a continuation of Holland, had at one time occupied the entire German Ocean, . . . 379