On Sameness and Identity: A Psychological Study: Being a Contribution to the Foundations of a Theory of KnowledgeFullerton, George Stuart
Philosophy
On Sameness and Identity: A Psychological Study: Being a Contribution to the Foundations of a Theory of Knowledge
Fullerton, George Stuart
Knowledge, Theory of
I assume that I see the two bodies and the object immediately.
Consciousness seems to reveal them. After granting the man opposite
me a representative of that object I apply the same reasoning to
myself, forgetting that I assumed at the outset that I see the real
object. I can certainly not put the object I see in my brain, for the
brain in any way I can be conceived to know it belongs to precisely
the same class of things as this object, and they are beside each
other in consciousness. The representative the other man has is a
representative of the object in my consciousness, and not--at least, I
have no evidence that it is--a representative of a something else of
which my object is also a representative. And if the object of which I
am immediately conscious is extended and without my body (immediately
perceived), I may assume that the object in his consciousness is also
extended and without the body in his consciousness. His representative
of my object is not in the head I see, for his head as I see it is
in my consciousness, if the object I see is, and any object in his
consciousness is the same with any corresponding object in mine only
in sense sixth--a sense of sameness which I have explained at length
in the earlier part of my work. This reasoning is, it seems to me,
clear enough and consistent enough, and should be plain to any one
who will take the trouble to follow it carefully. It lands one in no
such difficulties and inconsistencies as result from the doctrine I
have been criticizing. Should it be said this is a form of Idealism,
and at least abandons what is extra-mental, I answer, the name is a
matter of taste and of little significance; what is important is that
this doctrine does not found its reasoning upon an assumption which
its conclusion declares to be false; nor does it maintain that what is
immediately known is not extended, figured, external to the body, as
it seems to be, but something quite different and dissimilar. It is
in harmony with the revelation of consciousness. Should it still be
objected that it makes no distinction between things and the sensations
or impressions which represent them, I answer, one can object to things
being regarded as complexes of sensations only as long as he separates
sensations and things, making the former unlike the things and
relegating them to a place (the brain) where the things are not, and
to exist in which they must be very bad copies of the things indeed.
The doctrine I advocate does not deny the things as perceived at all;
it merely holds that consciousness does declare for the things, and
not for a set of representatives much unlike them and said to exist
in a place in which we are not conscious of perceiving anything. It
objects to seeing double through an incomplete reflection upon what
consciousness reveals.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account