┌─ The salt C_{6}H_{4}┤CH_{3} finely pulverized and in portions │SO_{2}ONa └─ of from 10 to 50 gr. was placed in a Florence flask; an equivalent quantity of PCl_{5} added; An inverted condenser was then attached and the flask shaken. The action takes place at once and involves sufficient heat to distill off the oxychloride formed in the reaction. This being returned to the flask by the condenser furnishes a liquid medium in which the reaction takes place more readily and completely than when it is not present. It is best to cool the flask at first and afterwards heat gently on the water bath. The reaction which takes place may be represented as follows. ┌─ ┌─ │CH_{3} │CH_{3} C_{6}H_{4}┤SO_{2}ONa + PCl_{5} = C_{6}H_{4}┤SO_{2}Cl + POCl_{3} + NaCl. └─ └─ On the addition of water the chloride separates as a light yellow oil. This is washed with water and concentrated aqueous ammonia added, which forms toluene-o-sulphonamide thus. CH_{3} CH_{3} ╱ ╱ C_{6}H_{4} + NH_{3} = C_{6}H_{4} + HCl. ╲ ╲ SO_{2}Cl SO_{2}NH_{2} The reaction is accompanied by a slight evolution of heat and the formation, apparently, of an intermediate product having a yellowish color, which passes over on longer standing into the white amide. After standing several hours the excess of ammonia was driven off by very gentle heating on the water bath. If the heat is too high a large amount of a tarry product is formed and the yield of amide is correspondingly small. In any case some of this tarry product is formed. When nearly all the ammonia had been driven off the mass was boiled with water which dissolves everything except the tar. The hot solution was filtered through charcoal and on cooling the amide separated in white feathery crystals which melt at 155°-156°. The amide thus obtained was oxidized as described by Remsen (loc. cit.) with potassium permanganate in neutral solution. The proportions are 10 gr amide. 40 gr KMnO_{4} and 1 L. water. The oxidation was usually effected in from four to six hours. To obtain the sulphinide from this solution after oxidation, the latter, after filtration from the precipitated oxides of manganese, was slightly acidified with HCl and evaporated to about one fourth its original volume. On the addition of concentrated HCl to this solution, the sulphinide separated out in white or slightly yellowish feather shaped crystals melting at 212° and having the characteristic intensely sweet taste. Formation of Sulphinide from Toluene by means of the chlorsulphonic acid reaction.