On the Connexion of the Physical SciencesSomerville, Mary
Science
On the Connexion of the Physical Sciences
Somerville, Mary
Physical sciences; Science
Another instance of these singular transformations may be noticed. The
pictures formed on cyanotype paper rendered more sensitive by the
addition of corrosive sublimate are blue on a white ground and positive,
that is, the lights and shadows are the same as in nature, but, by the
application of heat, the colour is changed from blue to brown, from
positive to negative; even by keeping in darkness the blue colour is
restored, as well as the _positive character_. Sir John attributes this,
as in the former instance, to certain rays, which, regarded as rays of
heat or light, or of some influence _sui generis_ accompanying the red
and orange rays of the spectrum, are also copiously emitted by bodies
heated short of redness. He thinks it probable that these invisible
parathermic rays are the rays which radiate from molecule to molecule in
the interior of bodies, that they determine the discharge of vegetable
colours at the boiling temperature, and also the innumerable atomic
transformations of organic bodies which take place at the temperature
below redness, that they are distinct from those of pure heat, and that
they are sufficiently identified by these characters to become
legitimate objects of scientific discussion.
The calorific and parathermic rays appear to be intimately connected
with the discoveries of Messrs. Draper and Moser. Daguerre has shown
that the action of light on the iodide of silver renders it capable of
condensing the vapour of mercury which adheres to the parts affected by
it. Professor Moser of Königsberg has proved that the same effect is
produced by the simple contact of bodies, and even by their very near
juxtaposition, and that in total darkness as well as in light. This
discovery he announced in the following words:—“If a surface has been
touched in any particular parts by any body, it acquires the property of
precipitating all vapours, and these adhere to it or combine chemically
with it on these spots differently from what they do on the untouched
parts.” If we write on a plate of glass or any smooth surface whatever
with blotting-paper, a brush, or anything else, and then clean it, the
characters always reappear if the plate or surface be breathed upon, and
the same effect may be produced even on the surface of mercury; nor is
absolute contact necessary. If a screen cut in a pattern be held over a
polished metallic surface at a small distance, and the whole breathed
on, after the vapour has evaporated so that no trace is left on the
surface, the pattern comes out when it is breathed on again.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account