On the Development and Distribution of Primitive Locks and KeysPitt-Rivers, Augustus Henry Lane-Fox
History
On the Development and Distribution of Primitive Locks and Keys
Pitt-Rivers, Augustus Henry Lane-Fox
Locks and keys
We have now to go to China for evidence of the continued distribution
eastwards of this particular kind of spring padlock with the lateral
key. Figs. 61C, 62C, and 63C, Plate VII., is a brass Chinese padlock
and key in my collection. To the north of India we have figs. 64C,
65C, 66C, 67C, Plate VII., representing a padlock from Yarkand
obtained by Sir DOUGLAS FORSYTH, and now in the India Museum. It has
also the key with the lateral action. Mr. THOMAS WRIGHT says that he
possesses a similar padlock, given him by the British Vice-Consul at
Jacmel, and obtained from Hayti, which he says was probably a century
old, and either made in one of the Spanish colonies or imported from
Spain.[31] Sir GARDNER WILKINSON also mentions one from Meroe Island,
in Egypt,[32] and Mr. H. SYER CUMING speaks of one as having been
obtained in Western Africa, but the locality is not stated.[33]
[31] 'Excavations at Wroxeter and Uriconium,' by T. WRIGHT,
F.S.A., p. 273.
[32] 'Caillaud, Voyage à Meroe,' Plate LXVI., Sir G.
WILKINSON, vol. i., p. 355.
[33] "History of Keys," by H. SYER CUMING, Esq., 'Journ.
British Archæological Association,' vol. xii., p. 117. The
keys of this description mentioned in the paper as having
been found at Thebes are in all probability modern, judging
by their entire resemblance to modern forms.
In order to show the modifications that this lock has undergone during
its eastern migrations, I have represented (figs. 68C, 69C, and 70C,
Plate VII.) a steel lock from Indore, India. It is furnished with a
staple with two arms like the European specimen, fig. 39C, Plate VI.,
one of which only has springs attached to it; it is now in the India
Museum. Figs. 71C, 72C, 73C, 74C, Plate VII.--also in the India
Museum: the bolt with its springs is attached to plates forming an
outside casing to one side of the lock, by which means the opening is
concealed, and the opening for the key is also concealed in a casing
for the other side, and opens also with a catch spring released by the
pressure of a straight pin or wire introduced through a hole beneath
the lock. Figs. 75C, 76C, and 77C, Plate VIII., is another variety,
from Burmah; the key is introduced at the end of the tube by means of
a male screw, formed somewhat like the propeller of a screw steamship.
This screw is merely for the purpose of introducing the key into the
tube by a half-twist; once in, it is pressed straight forward, and
compresses the springs in the usual manner. Fig. 78C, Plate VIII., is
the opening and key of a similar lock obtained by me in Nuremberg. It
is constructed precisely on the same principle as the last, and with a
similar object; it has all the appearance of being European, but I
have no certain evidence that it may not have been imported from
India. In figs. 79C, 80C, and 81C, Plate VIII., from Indore, India, we
see the screw principle developed.
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