On the History of Gunter's Scale and the Slide Rule During the Seventeenth CenturyCajori, Florian
History
On the History of Gunter's Scale and the Slide Rule During the Seventeenth Century
Cajori, Florian
Slide-rule
Everard’s instruments were made in London by Isaac Carver who, soon after,
himself wrote a sixteen-page Description and Use of a New Sliding Rule,
projected from the Tables in the Gauger’s Magazine, London, 1687, which was
“printed for William Hunt” and bound in one volume with a book by Hunt,
called The Gauger’s Magazine, London, 1687. This appears to be the same
William Hunt who later brought out descriptions of his own of slide rules.
The instrument described by Carver “consists of three pieces, two whereof
are moveable to be drawn out till the whole be 36 inches long.” It has
several non-logarithmic graduations, together with logarithmic lines marked
A, B, C, D, of which A, B, C are “double lines,” and D a “single line” used
for squares and square roots. It is designed for the determination of the
vacuity of a “spheroidal cask lying,” a “spheroidal cask standing,” and a
“parabolical cask lying.”
Another seventeenth century writer on the slide rule is John Atkinson, whom
we have mentioned earlier. He says:[38] “The Lines of Numbers, Sines and
Tangents, are set double, that is, one on each side, as the middle piece
slides: which middle piece is so contrived, to slip to and fro easily, to
slide out, and to be put in any side uppermost, in order to bring those
Lines together (or against one another) most proper for solving the
Question, wrought by Sliding-Gunter.”
The data presented in this article show that, while the earliest slide
rules were of the circular type, the later slide rules of the seventeenth
century were of the rectilinear type.[39]
January 12, 1915.
Footnotes
[1]F. Cajori, History of the Logarithmic Slide Rule and Allied Instruments,
New York, 1909, pp. 7-14, also Addenda i-vi.
[2]F. Cajori, “On the Invention of the Slide Rule,” in Colorado College
Publication, Engineering Series Vol. 1, 1910. An abstract of this is
given in Nature (London), Vol. 82, 1909, p. 267.
[3]F. Cajori, History etc., p. 14.
[4]Art. “Slide Rule” in the Penny Cyclopaedia and in the English
Cyclopaedia [Arts and Sciences].
[5]Anthony Wood, Athenae oxonienses (Ed. P. Bliss), London, Vol. III, 1817,
p. 423.
[6]The full title of the book which Wingate published on this subject in
Paris is as follows:
L’Vsage | de la | Reigle de | Proportion | en l’Arithmetique & |
Geometrie. | Par Edmond Vvingate, | Gentil-homme Anglois. |
Εἂν ἧς φιλεµαθὴς, ἕση ἥση πολυµαθὴς.
In tenui, sed nõ tenuis vsusve, laborne. |
A Paris, | Chez Melchior Mondiere, | demeurant en l’Isle du Palais, | à
la | ruë de Harlay aux deux Viperes. | M. DC. XXIV. | Auec Priuilege du
Roy. |
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