"Success! Adoration to the Arhat Mahâvirâ, the destroyer(?) of the gods. In the year of king Vâsudeva, 98, in the month 4 of the rainy season, on the day 11—on the above date ... of the chief of the school (_gaṇin_) Aryya-Devadata (Devadatta) out of the school (_gaṇa_) of the Aryya-Udehikîya (Ârya-Uddehikiya), out of the Parihâsaka line (_kula_), out of the Ponapatrikâ (Paurṇapatrikâ) branch (_śâkhâ_)." [Footnote: At a later date Dr. Bühler added other proofs from inscriptions of the authenticity of the Jaina tradition, in the _Vienna Oriental Journal_, vol. II, pp. 141-146; vol. III, pp. 233-240; vol. IV, pp. 169-173, 313-318; vol. V, pp. 175-180; and in _Epigraphia Indica_, vol. I pp. 371-397; vol. II, pp. 195-212, 311. The paragraphs given above are chiefly from his first paper in the _Vienna Oriental Journal_ (vol. I, pp. 165-180), which appears to be an extended revision of the long footnote in the original paper on the Jainas, but it is here corrected in places from readings in his later papers.—J. B.] These and many other statements in the inscriptions, about the teachers and their schools are of no small importance in themselves for the early history of the Jainas. The agreement of the above with the _Kalpasûtra_ can best be shown by placing the statements in question against one another. The inscriptions prove the actual existence of twenty of the subdivisions mentioned in the Sthavirâvali of the _Kalpasûtra_. Among its eight gaṇas we can certainly trace three, possibly four—the Uddchika, Vâraṇa, Veśavâḍiya(?) and Koḍiya. Inscriptions:— 1. Koṭṭiya (Koḍiya) Gana | .———————————————————. | | Bramadâsika kula Uchchenâgarî śâkhâ Thâniya kula Vairî, Vairiyâ śâkhâ P[aṇha]vahu[ṇaya]ku[la] Majhamâ śâkhâ The Sthavirâvalî of the _Kalpasûtra_ (_Sac. Bks. of the East_, vol. XXII, p. 292) states that Susṭhita and Supratibuddha founded the— Koṭiya or Kauṭaka Gaṇa | .————————————————————————. | | kulas śâkhâs 1. _Bambhalijja_ 1. _Uchchanâgarî_ 2. Vachchhalijja 2. _Vijjâharî_ 3. _Vâṇîya_ or _Vâṇîjja_ 3. Vajrî 4. Panhavâhanaya 4. _Majjhimáka_ or Praśnavâhanaka 5. Majjhîma (scholar of the two teachers. founded by Priyagantha the second) Inscriptions:—