In Albion Terrace, Wandsworth Road, there was an extraordinary mortality
from cholera in 1849, which was the more striking as there were no other
cases at the time in the immediate neighbourhood; the houses opposite
to, behind, and in the same line, at each end of those in which the
disease prevailed, having been free from it. The row of houses in which
the cholera prevailed to an extent probably at that time quite
unprecedented in this country, constituted the genteel suburban
dwellings of a number of professional and tradespeople, and are most of
them detached a few feet from each other. They were supplied with water
on the same plan. In this instance the water got contaminated by the
contents of the house-drains and cesspools. The cholera extended to
nearly all the houses in which the water was thus tainted, and to no
others.
[Sidenote: THE OUTBREAK OF CHOLERA AT ALBION TERRACE.]
These houses were numbered from 1 to 17, in Albion Terrace, and were
supplied with water from a copious spring in the road in front of the
terrace, the water of which was conducted, by a brick barrel-drain
between Nos. 7 and 8, to the back of the houses, and then flowed right
and left, to supply tanks in the ground behind each house, the tanks
being made of brickwork and cement, covered with a flat stone, and
connected with each other by stoneware pipes six inches in diameter. A
leaden pipe conveyed water from each tank to a pump situated in the back
kitchen. There was a cesspool behind each house, under the privy, and
situated four feet from the water-tank. The ground was opened behind the
houses No. 1 and No. 7, and the drains examined under the
superintendence of Mr. Grant, the Assistant-Surveyor to the
Commissioners of Sewers. The cesspools at both these places were quite
full, and the overflow-drain from that at No. 1 choked up. At this house
the respective levels of the cesspool and the water-tank were measured,
and the top of the overflow-drain from the cesspool was found to be
fifteen inches above the top of the tank, and the intervening ground was
very wet. The overflow-drain mentioned above had no bottom, or one so
soft that it could be penetrated with a stick; and it crossed, at right
angles, above the earthenware pipe of the water-tank, the joints of
which were leaky, and allowed the water to escape. Behind No. 7, Mr.
Grant found a pipe for bringing surplus water from the tanks,
communicating with a drain from the cesspool; and he found a flat brick
drain laid over the barrel-drain before mentioned, which brought the
water from the spring. It appears, from a plan of the property, that
this drain, which was continued in a direction towards the sewer in
Battersea Fields, brought surface-drainage from the road, and received
the drains from the cesspools, the house-drains from the sinks in the
back kitchens, and the surplus water, or some of it, from the tanks.
There was every reason to believe that this drain was stopped up, but
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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