Dr. Thiersch is of opinion, as appears by a discussion which has
recently taken place at Munich, that the cholera evacuations are not at
first capable of generating the disease; but that a decomposition takes
place in them, and that in from six to nine days they become in a state
to induce cholera. He founds this opinion on experiments which he
performed by giving small quantities of the cholera evacuations to white
mice. Although it is not contrary to all analogy that some change or
development should take place in the cholera poison in the interval
between its leaving one person and entering another, it is most probable
that the fatal bowel complaint produced in white mice by Dr. Thiersch
was not a specific disease, but the ordinary effect of putrifying
ingesta. Many of the best attested instances of the communication of
cholera are those, such as were related at the commencement of this
work, where the patient is attacked in from twenty-four to forty-eight
hours after first being near another patient, and although an interval
of a week or so, often elapses between one case of the disease and those
which follow, it is extremely probable that, in these instances, the
evacuations remain the greater part of this time in a dry state on the
soiled linen, without undergoing any change.
An objection that has repeatedly been made to the propagation of cholera
through the medium of water, is, that every one who drinks of the water
ought to have the disease at once. This objection arises from mistaking
the department of science to which the communication of cholera belongs,
and looking on it as a question of chemistry, instead of one of natural
history, as it undoubtedly is. It cannot be supposed that a morbid
poison, which has the property, under suitable circumstances, of
reproducing its kind, should be capable of being diluted indefinitely in
water, like a chemical salt; and therefore it is not to be presumed that
the cholera poison would be equally diffused through every particle of
the water. The eggs of the tape-worm must undoubtedly pass down the
sewers into the Thames, but it by no means follows that everybody who
drinks a glass of the water should swallow one of the eggs. As regards
the morbid matter of cholera, many other circumstances, besides the
quantity of it which is present in a river at different periods of the
epidemic, must influence the chances of its being swallowed, such as its
remaining in a butt or other vessel till it is decomposed or devoured by
animalcules, or its merely settling to the bottom and remaining there.
In the case of the pump-well in Broad Street, Golden Square, if the
cholera poison was contained in the minute whitish flocculi, visible on
close inspection to the naked eye, some persons might drink of the water
without taking any, as they soon settled to the bottom of the vessel.
[Sidenote: THEORIES OF THE CAUSE OF CHOLERA.]
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