On the phenomena of hybridity in the genus HomoBroca, Paul
Science
On the phenomena of hybridity in the genus Homo
Broca, Paul
Hominids -- Hybridization; Miscegenation
It is equally known that Mulattoes and Mulatresses are very prolific
in their recrossings with the parent races. The great number of
individuals of every shade, designated by the name Quadroon,
Quinterons, Tercerons, Griffes, Marabouts, Cabres, etc., and by
the collective name of _mixed blood_, proves it. The hybridity of
Whites and Negroes is thus, at least, equal to what we described
in animals by the name of _paragenesic hybridity_. The question now
arises, whether it be eugenesic, that is to say, whether Mulattoes
and Mulatresses of the first degree are indefinitely prolific between
themselves.
It would be imprudent to restrict ourselves to superficial
observations, though positive observations are with difficulty
collected. Mulattoes of the first degree are not a well defined and
circumscribed caste, like the whites and negroes of pure blood.
Mulatresses prefer to unite themselves with the white or with mestizoes
whiter than themselves. Mulattoes are thus frequently obliged to
intermix with either pure negresses, or with mulatresses issued from
a recrossing with the Negro race. There are, nevertheless, a goodly
number of unions between the mestizos of the first degree; but the
individuals issued from these unions have no longer the same chances
of intermarrying as those of the first generation. The number of
individuals of the first degree must, therefore, rapidly decrease
from generation to generation, and the result is, that even if these
cross-breeds were indefinitely prolific between themselves, we could
only, by way of exception, find mulattoes issued in a direct line to
the third or fourth generation, from the direct and exclusive union of
mestizoes of the first degree.
To give to the question at issue a rigorous solution, it is necessary
to study during several generations a population exclusively composed
of mulattoes of the _first degree_. This experience can never be
obtained. We find, indeed, at Hayti, a population nearly composed of
coloured individuals. But these coloured men are mestizos of every
shade, and if this hybrid nation were to subsist in perfect prosperity
during several generations, the unlimited prolifickness of mestizos of
the first degree between themselves would not thereby be demonstrated.
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