On the phenomena of variation and geographical distribution as illustrated by the Papilionidæ of the Malayan regionWallace, Alfred Russel
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On the phenomena of variation and geographical distribution as illustrated by the Papilionidæ of the Malayan region
Wallace, Alfred Russel
Papilionidae -- Malaysia -- Geographical distribution; Papilionidae -- Malaysia -- Variation
In all the Plates, the wings on one side of each figure are detached
from the body, and represent the _under surface_ of the same insect.
In one case only (Tab. VII. f. 1.) the upper surfaces of two varieties
of the same species are given.
_P. Noctis_, Hewits. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1859, p. 423, pl. 66. f. 5 (♀).
_Male_: differs from the same sex of _P. Nox_ by the broader apex of the
fore wings, and by the hind wings being more elongate, more glossy, and
especially by the entire nondentated hinder margin.
_Hab._ Borneo (Sarawak) (_Wall._), (♂, ♀ Mus. nost.)
19. PAPILIO EREBUS, Wallace.
_P. Nox_, var., De Haan, Verh. Nat. Gesch. t. 5. f. 3 (♀).
_Hab._ Malacca (_Wall._), Banjermassing, Borneo (_De Haan_).
_Remarks._—I am somewhat doubtful of the species, the female only being
known; but it differs so strikingly from the same sex of _P. Nox_ and
_P. Noctis_ (the former of which seems very constant), that I think it
better to separate it in order to draw attention to other specimens that
may exist in collections. It differs from _P. Nox_ (♀) by its narrower
and more elongate hind wings, which are black, glossed with steel-blue;
the fore wings are black, with the veins beyond the cell clearly
white-margined. The lower margin is also much less strongly dentated.
20. PAPILIO VARUNA, White.
♀. _P. Varuna_, Wh., Entomologist, 1842, p. 280; Westw. Ann. Nat.
Hist. ix. p. 37. _P. Chara_, Westw. Arc. Ent. pl. 66. f. 2.
♂. _P. Astorion_, Westw. Ann. Nat. Hist. ix. p. 37; Arc. Ent. pl. 66.
f. 1.
_Hab._ Pulo Penang, Sylhet.
21. PAPILIO SEMPERI, Felder.
_P. Semperi_, Feld. Lep. Nov. Philipp, pp. 1, 11.
_Hab._ Luzon, Philippines (♂, ♀).
N.B. The _Philoxenus_ group peculiar to India follows on after these.
b. _Coon_ group.
22. PAPILIO NEPTUNUS, Guérin.
_P. Neptunus_, Guér. Deless. Voy. dans l’Inde, p. 69, t. 19 (_P.
Saturnus_).
_Hab._ Malacca, Borneo (♂, ♀) (_Wall._).
23. PAPILIO COON, Fabricius.
_P. Coon_, Fab. Ent. Syst. iii. 1. pp. 10, 27; Don. Ins. China, pl.
24. f. 1; Lucas, Lep. Ex. t. 6. f. 2; Boisd. Sp. Gén. Lép. p. 201.
_Hab._ Java, Sumatra (_Wall._), Borneo (_De Haan_).
_Remarks._—The specimens from Sumatra are constantly larger than those
from Java. The Indian form, in which the markings are red instead of
yellow, with other differences, I consider a distinct species, for which
I propose the name of _P. Doubledayi_, after the late Mr. Edward
Doubleday of the British Museum[13].
Footnote 13:
PAPILIO DOUBLEDAYI, Wallace. (_P. Coon_, var., B. M. Cat.)
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