Family (_see_ οἶκος), bound to the land, 127 _et seq._; family estate in Santa Maura, 86; head of family, 91 Funeral, _see_ Sacrifices Gavelkind, in Kent, 95 Guest, importance at sacrifice, 99-100; hereditary guestship, 110 Hearth, 3, 4; as basis of the family, 13, 17; in Prytaneum, 4, 15; initiation of heir to, 89 Heir, duties of, 18-19, 20; importance of male heir, 21-3, 98 _et seq._; daughter’s son, 23-7; always ranks as _son_ of deceased, 34 _et seq._, 59 _et seq._; initiated to hearth, 89; introduced to kindred, 36; and to the deme, 38-9; importance of introduction of, 41, 125-8; co-heir in Wales, 51; law of succession, 57 _et seq._; disinheritance, 61; division among heirs, 64 _et seq._, 101; Ahab’s ’inheritance’ of Naboth’s vineyard, 114 Hesiod, his κλῆρος, 123; the needs of a farmer, 109 _Hestia_, 3, 4, 138; called “princess,” 13 Inheritance, see κλῆρος, and Heir Kinship, grades of, 48 _et seq._; in India, 52; in Wales, 49, 67 _et seq._; the fourth degree, 73, 112; the seventh, 78 et _seq._; the ninth, 68 _et seq._; wife’s relations no kin to husband but are to son, 61, _note_ Kinsmen, duties of, 18, 42; next of kin marries “heiress,” 23-7, 35; his duty to redeem property in Israel, 32, 95; kinsmen accept heir, 36, 41, 125-7; sanction disinheritance, 61; liable for bloodshed, 75 _et seq._; Hesiod’s idea of, 123 κλαρῶται, 130 κλῆρος, its form, 85 _et seq._; supported the οἶκος, 88 _et seq._, 110, 121, 127; need not be divided, 47, 89, 93, 97; no joint holding between father and sons, 93; sold in case of need, 94; in theory inalienable, 94, 113, 124, 127; allotted to new citizen, 96; in Homer, 102; held by tribesmen, 108; of Hesiod, 123 κληροῦχοι, 131 _et seq._ Land, ownership of, proof of civic rights, 83, 96 (_see_ κλῆρος and τέμενος) _Lar_ = “lord,” 12; _lares_ of king, 4 Leases, for ever, 134-6 Levirate, not in Greece, 27; in India, 29; in Israel, 30 _et seq._ Maintenance of parents (_see_ Parents); of οἶκος, 110; the bond of, 110, 139; of the chief, 114 _et seq._; 122; in Ezekiel, 119; of children at Sparta, 125; gift of food to babe, 125; derived from κλῆρος, 127 _Manes_, duties to, in India, 19 Marriage, of heiress, 23-6; of near relations, 29; of widow (_see_ Levirate) _Octopus_, 125 _note_ οἶκος, part of γένος, 17; importance of continuity of, 9, 19-20, 30, 35, 111, 128; the unit of ownership of property, 47, 109; extent of, 54-6, 88-9; the householder in India, 99; supported by its land, 110, 113, 121; of Bouselos, 55, 62; power of head of, 91-2 Open field system, in Greece, 85; in the islands, 87; in Homer, 88, 104; its elasticity, 118-9 _Parage_, in Normandy, an undivided tenure, 50 Parents, maintenance of, 18, 48; after death, 19 _Phratria_, enrols legitimate sons, 36-7; partly responsible for bloodshed, 76