And now as to illustrations and artists. For children of one, two, and three years the rag toy book is very satisfactory. The colors are bright and attractive, and when soiled the book may be washed and ironed the same as a handkerchief. Then there are the linen books and those mounted on linen. Of these there are few standards, but titles such as “The Three Bears,” “Three Little Kittens,” “A. was an Archer,” “Farmyard Friends,” “Domestic Animals,” and “Wild Animals” can almost always be secured. There are four houses in the United States which pay special attention to the very young children,—E. P. Dutton & Co., Raphael Tuck, Sons & Co., F. Warne & Co., and McLaughlin & Co., and of these firms only the last does any actual manufacturing in this country. Perhaps four-fifths of this class of color work for the world is done in Germany. Some of the best examples are the productions of Kate Greenaway, Leslie Brooke, Randolph Caldecott, and Walter Crane. These four artists have given us the best examples of real art for children, and their picture and toy books should be a great deal more widely known than they are. The manufacturing of the books of these four artists is all done in England; and for real art, combined with mechanical excellence, they are absolutely the finest picture books ever put before the public. Among English artists Milicent Sowerby is well worthy of recognition; among her delightful books are “Childhood” and “Yesterday’s Children,” published in America by Duffield & Co. Among the artists of this country whose masterpieces depict childhood, Jessie Willcox Smith stands preëminent. Her illustrations in “Real Rhymes of Real Children,” “The Book of the Child,” etc., have made her the most popular among American artists whose work is devoted to the delineation of child life. Books which she has illustrated and which contain good examples of her art, besides the two already mentioned, are “The Child’s Garden of Verses,” “A Child’s Book of Old Verses,” “Seven Ages of Childhood,” “The Child’s Book of Stories,” and “Dream Blocks.” Of a very different type are the clever and humorous illustrations by Grace G. Wiederseim, which may be seen to good advantage in “Nursery Rhymes from Mother Goose,” “Kiddie Land,” “Bobby Blake,” and “Dolly Drake.” Peter Newell has also done excellent humorous work, such as “The Hole Book,” “The Slant Book,” “Pictures and Rhymes,” “Alice in Wonderland,” etc. B. Cory Kilvert, John Rae, Bessie Pease Gutman, Hope Dunlap, Ethel Franklin Betts, and Wilhelmina Seegmiller have all done most attractive work which appeals to the younger children. The artist who is capable of producing illustrations attractive alike to both child and adult, and which are understood by both, is what may be termed a sympathetic genius; he also represents a distinctive branch of art. All whose names have been mentioned in this connection possess this great gift.