REFERENCES _Common Insects Affecting Fruit Trees, Bulletin No. 158_, Department of Agriculture, Parliament Buildings, Toronto. _Bulletins Nos. 158 and 171_, Ontario Department of Agriculture, deal with many insect pests and their remedies. In May look for the adult moths as they emerge from the cocoons. Observe the colour, size, shape, and the bright copper-coloured horse-shoe on the front wing--the "brand" of the codling moth. Examine the little apples when the blossoms are falling. Note the tiny, flat, oval-shaped egg at various places on the surfaces of the apples and a few days later the tiny worm which emerges from the egg. This soon eats its way into the apple, entering usually at the calyx end. If spraying is done after the petals have fallen and just before the calyx end closes up, a drop of poison is inclosed, and when the larva enters it and begins eating its way into the apple, it gets the poison. SOME COMMON ANIMAL FORMS Brief lessons should be given on some of the lower members of the animal kingdom, for the purpose of broadening the interests of the pupils. The following are suggested as types: snail, spider, freshwater mussel (clam), crayfish (crab), centiped, milliped, salamander, and wood-louse. These are common animal forms, most of which are frequently seen by the pupils, but seldom are their interesting life habits or their places in the animal kingdom recognized. The salamander is to many pupils a lizard of the most poisonous kind; centipeds and millipeds are worms, and they do not recognize that the clam is an animal with sensibilities and instincts. REFERENCES Kellogg: _Elementary Zoology_ Silcox and Stevenson: _Modern Nature Study_ CENTIPEDS AND MILLIPEDS Under stones and sticks in moist soil are to be found two worm-like forms, both having many legs. One of these animals is flat, about an inch long, brown in colour, and provided with a pair of long feelers. On each division of the body is a single pair of legs. This is the _centiped_. The other animal is more cylindrical in shape and has two pairs of legs on each division of the body. Its colour is a darker brown than that of the centiped, and it has a habit of coiling into a spiral shape, when disturbed, so that the soft under surface is concealed. This is the _milliped_. Both of these animals are quite harmless and feed on decaying vegetable matter. They stand midway between worms and insects in forms and habits. A brief observation lesson on each animal, involving their movements and the structural features named above, will enable the pupils to identify them and to appreciate their position in the animal kingdom. SALAMANDERS, OR NEWTS