~Observations.~--Colour, size, general shape of the body, and the relation of the shape to ease of swimming; divisions of the body. Size of head, length of neck, and the relation of the length of the neck to the habit of feeding in water. The legs and web feet, and the relation of these to the bird's awkward walking and ease in swimming. The bill and its relation to the bird's habits of feeding by scooping things from the bottom of the water and then straining the water out. The sensitive tip of the bill by which the duck can feel the food. The feathers, their warmth, and compactness for shedding water. The oil spread over them during the preening is useful as a protection against water. The bill, feet, and feathers should be compared with those of the hen and goose, and reasons for the similarities and differences should be discussed. The uses that people make of ducks and their feathers and eggs; the gathering of eider-down. For desk work, make drawings of the duck when swimming, flying, and standing. CHAPTER V FORM I SPRING GARDEN WORK The pupils in Form I cannot be expected to do heavy work, such as spading plots or making paths. In some cases the larger boys will undertake to line out the walks and do the spading or digging. Sometimes it may be best to engage a man to do the spading. In any case the boys and girls should do the measuring and marking out of the plots. If stable manure is used in fertilizing the plots, it must be well rotted and then carefully spaded into the plots. The rest of the work should be done by the pupils themselves under the direction of the teacher. This work will include the levelling of the plots with hoes and rakes, and the trimming of the edges to the exact size of the plots, as determined by a string drawn taut about the four corner pickets. If the pupils in this Form have individual plots, each pupil will mark out his drills, put in the seeds, and cover them. The teacher may give demonstrations in connection with the work but should not do the work for the pupils.