Ontology, or the Theory of BeingCoffey, P. (Peter)
Philosophy
Ontology, or the Theory of Being
Coffey, P. (Peter)
Ontology
A few samples of the many definitions that have been set forth by
various authors will not be without interest. Vallet(208) defines
beauty as _the splendour of perfection_. Other authors define it
as _the splendour of order_. These definitions sacrifice clearness
to brevity. Beauty is _the splendour of the true_. This
definition, commonly attributed to Plato, but without reason, is
inadequate and ambiguous. Cousin(209) defines beauty as _unity in
variety_. This leaves out an essential element, the _clarity_ or
_clear manifestation_ of order. Kant defines beauty as _the power
an object possesses of giving free play to the imagination without
transgressing the laws of the understanding_.(210) This definition
emphasizes the necessary harmony of the beautiful with our
cognitive faculties, and the fact that the esthetic sentiment is
not capricious but subject to the laws of the understanding. It
is, however, inadequate, in as much as it omits all reference to
the objective factors of beauty.
57. CLASSIFICATIONS. THE BEAUTIFUL IN NATURE.—All real beauty is either
_natural_ or _artificial_. Natural beauty is that which characterizes what
we call the “works of Nature” or the “works of God”. Artificial beauty is
the beauty of “works of art”.
Again, just as we can distinguish the _real_ beauty of the latter from the
_ideal_ beauty which the human artist conceives in his mind as its
archetype and exemplar cause, so, too, we can distinguish between the real
beauty of natural things and the ideal beauty of their uncreated
archetypes in the Mind of the Divine Artist.
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