Opticks : $b or, A treatise of the reflections, refractions, inflections and colours of lightNewton, Isaac
Science
Opticks : $b or, A treatise of the reflections, refractions, inflections and colours of light
Newton, Isaac
Optics -- Early works to 1800
and by which it acts upon the Ray without immediate Contact. For that
the parts of Bodies do act upon Light at a distance shall be shewn
hereafter.
Now if Light be reflected, not by impinging on the solid parts of
Bodies, but by some other principle; it's probable that as many of its
Rays as impinge on the solid parts of Bodies are not reflected but
stifled and lost in the Bodies. For otherwise we must allow two sorts of
Reflexions. Should all the Rays be reflected which impinge on the
internal parts of clear Water or Crystal, those Substances would rather
have a cloudy Colour than a clear Transparency. To make Bodies look
black, it's necessary that many Rays be stopp'd, retained, and lost in
them; and it seems not probable that any Rays can be stopp'd and
stifled in them which do not impinge on their parts.
And hence we may understand that Bodies are much more rare and porous
than is commonly believed. Water is nineteen times lighter, and by
consequence nineteen times rarer than Gold; and Gold is so rare as very
readily and without the least opposition to transmit the magnetick
Effluvia, and easily to admit Quicksilver into its Pores, and to let
Water pass through it. For a concave Sphere of Gold filled with Water,
and solder'd up, has, upon pressing the Sphere with great force, let the
Water squeeze through it, and stand all over its outside in multitudes
of small Drops, like Dew, without bursting or cracking the Body of the
Gold, as I have been inform'd by an Eye witness. From all which we may
conclude, that Gold has more Pores than solid parts, and by consequence
that Water has above forty times more Pores than Parts. And he that
shall find out an Hypothesis, by which Water may be so rare, and yet not
be capable of compression by force, may doubtless by the same Hypothesis
make Gold, and Water, and all other Bodies, as much rarer as he pleases;
so that Light may find a ready passage through transparent Substances.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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