Opticks : $b or, A treatise of the reflections, refractions, inflections and colours of lightNewton, Isaac
Science
Opticks : $b or, A treatise of the reflections, refractions, inflections and colours of light
Newton, Isaac
Optics -- Early works to 1800
The Magnet acts upon Iron through all dense Bodies not magnetick nor red
hot, without any diminution of its Virtue; as for instance, through
Gold, Silver, Lead, Glass, Water. The gravitating Power of the Sun is
transmitted through the vast Bodies of the Planets without any
diminution, so as to act upon all their parts to their very centers
with the same Force and according to the same Laws, as if the part upon
which it acts were not surrounded with the Body of the Planet, The Rays
of Light, whether they be very small Bodies projected, or only Motion or
Force propagated, are moved in right Lines; and whenever a Ray of Light
is by any Obstacle turned out of its rectilinear way, it will never
return into the same rectilinear way, unless perhaps by very great
accident. And yet Light is transmitted through pellucid solid Bodies in
right Lines to very great distances. How Bodies can have a sufficient
quantity of Pores for producing these Effects is very difficult to
conceive, but perhaps not altogether impossible. For the Colours of
Bodies arise from the Magnitudes of the Particles which reflect them, as
was explained above. Now if we conceive these Particles of Bodies to be
so disposed amongst themselves, that the Intervals or empty Spaces
between them may be equal in magnitude to them all; and that these
Particles may be composed of other Particles much smaller, which have as
much empty Space between them as equals all the Magnitudes of these
smaller Particles: And that in like manner these smaller Particles are
again composed of others much smaller, all which together are equal to
all the Pores or empty Spaces between them; and so on perpetually till
you come to solid Particles, such as have no Pores or empty Spaces
within them: And if in any gross Body there be, for instance, three such
degrees of Particles, the least of which are solid; this Body will have
seven times more Pores than solid Parts. But if there be four such
degrees of Particles, the least of which are solid, the Body will have
fifteen times more Pores than solid Parts. If there be five degrees, the
Body will have one and thirty times more Pores than solid Parts. If six
degrees, the Body will have sixty and three times more Pores than solid
Parts. And so on perpetually. And there are other ways of conceiving how
Bodies may be exceeding porous. But what is really their inward Frame is
not yet known to us.
PROP. IX.
_Bodies reflect and refract Light by one and the same power, variously
exercised in various Circumstances._
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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