Heavy Batteries have generally 4 guns, owing to the number of wagons required to carry a sufficient amount of their heavy ammunition. Mountain Batteries have 4 guns, except in Russia, where they have 8. The Battery in all armies has a strength of from 130 to 200 men and horses. It is divided into _Sections_ of 2 guns with their wagons, commanded by a Lieutenant, and these into _Sub-Sections_ under a Sergeant. The _Battery Commander_ is a Captain, except in the Russian Service, where he is a Lieutenant-Colonel, and in the British Service, where he is a Major, with a Captain as Second-in-Command to take charge of the Ammunition Supply in action. To assist the Battery Commander in action, he has a Staff comprising trumpeters, rangetakers, observers, signallers, mounted orderlies, scouts, and horse-holders. There is also a small Administrative Staff, including artificers for repair of harness and carriages. THE ARTILLERY BRIGADE Batteries are grouped into larger Units, called in the British Service _Brigades_. They are commanded by a Lieutenant-Colonel, with an Adjutant, and a Staff for purposes of observation and command, including telephone and signalling detachments, rangetakers, and orderlies. This Unit is called an _Abteilung_ in Germany, a _Groupe_ in France, a _Division_ in Russia and Austria, and a _Battalion_ in Japan and the United States. It comprises as a rule three batteries of Field Guns, or of Howitzers (or two batteries of Horse Artillery), with an Ammunition Column. Heavy Batteries in the British Service are not brigaded, but one, with its own Ammunition Column, forms part of the Artillery of each Division. In foreign armies they are grouped by twos or fours into _Battalions_. HIGHER UNITS OF ARTILLERY In foreign armies the above Units of three batteries are grouped by pairs into _Artillery Regiments_, commanded by a Colonel with a Staff. The Divisional Artillery and the Corps Artillery are respectively formed of one or more Regiments. Two Artillery Regiments are in some armies grouped into an _Artillery Brigade_, which forms the Divisional or Corps Artillery, and is commanded by a General with a Staff. AMMUNITION COLUMNS _Ammunition Columns_ form an integral part of the Artillery, but they carry ammunition for Infantry as well as for the guns. They are Fighting Units, because the replenishment of ammunition is a function of the Fighting Troops, and the movements of Ammunition Columns are tactical operations. The Ammunition Columns belonging to Units of Artillery provide the first reserve of ammunition. The second reserve of ammunition is provided by _Divisional Ammunition Columns_, which in foreign armies form the _Divisional Ammunition Park_. There is in large armies also an _Army Corps Ammunition Park_ comprising several Columns, and an _Army Ammunition Park_, behind which are the _Ammunition Depôts_ on the L. of C.