Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of AmericaAudubon, John James
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Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of America
Audubon, John James
Birds -- North America
The substances which I have found in many individuals of this species
were fishes of various kinds, aquatic insects, crays, leeches, shrimps,
tadpoles, eggs of frogs, water-lizards, young alligators, water-snakes,
and small terrapins. I never observed any sand or gravel in the
stomach. On some occasions I found it distended to the utmost, and,
as I have already stated, the bird has great powers of digestion. Its
excrements are voided in a liquid state, and squirted to a considerable
distance, as in Cormorants, Hawks, and all birds of prey.
The flesh of the Anhinga, after the bird is grown, is dark, firm, oily,
and unfit for food, with the exception of the smaller pectoral muscles
of the female, which are white and delicate. The crimpings of the two
middle tail-feathers become more deeply marked during the breeding
season, especially in the male. When young, the female shews them only
in a slight degree, and never has them so decided as the male.
PLOTUS ANHINGA, _Linn._ Syst. Nat., vol. i. p. 218.—_Lath._
Ind. Ornith., vol. ii. p. 895.—_Ch. Bonaparte_, Synopsis of
Birds of the United States, p. 411.
PLOTUS MELANOGASTER, _Lath._ Ind. Ornith. vol. ii. p. 895.
BLACK-BELLIED DARTER, PLOTUS MELANOGASTER, _Wils._ Amer.
Ornith., vol. ix. p. 75. pl. 74, fig. 1. adult, and p. 82.
pl. 74, fig. 2. young.
BLACK-BELLIED DARTER, _Nuttall_, Manual, vol. ii. p. 507.
Adult male. Plate CCCXVI. Fig. 1.
Bill about twice the length of the head, almost straight, being very
slightly recurved, rather slender, compressed, tapering to a fine
point. Upper mandible with the dorsal outline slightly declinate,
and almost straight, being however somewhat convex, the ridge convex,
gradually narrowed, the sides sloping, the edges sharp, and beyond the
middle cut into minute slender-pointed serratures, which are directed
backwards; the tips very slender. Lower mandible with the angle very
long and narrow, the dorsal line beyond it straight and ascending,
the sides sloping slightly outwards, the edges sharp and serrated like
those of the upper, the point extremely narrow; the gape line slightly
ascending towards the end. No external nostrils.
Head very small, oblong. Neck very long and slender. Body elongated
and slender. Feet very short and stout. Tibia feathered to the joint.
Tarsus very short, roundish, reticulated all over, the scales on
the hind part extremely small. Toes all connected by webs; the first
of moderate length, the second much longer, the fourth longest and
slightly margined externally; the first toe and the first phalanges of
the rest, covered above with transverse series of scales, the rest of
their extent scutellate. Claws rather large, very strong, compressed,
curved, very acute; the outer smallest, the third longest, with a deep
groove on the inner side, and a narrow thin edge, cut with parallel
slits; those of the first and second toes nearly equal.
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