Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of AmericaAudubon, John James
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Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of America
Audubon, John James
Birds -- North America
Although along our Southern and Middle Districts, the Least Tern merely
scoops a very slight hollow in which to deposit its eggs, doing this
from the first of April to the first of June, according to the latitude
of the place, those which I found breeding on the coast of Labrador
had formed very snug nests, composed of short fragments of dry moss,
well matted together, and nearly of the size of that of the American
Robin, _Turdus migratorius_; while those met with on the islands near
the Bay of Galveston, were observed to have laid their eggs upon the
dry drifted weeds which appeared to have been gathered by them for the
purpose. The nests are generally placed out of reach of the tides, but
on some occasions I have known the hopes of a whole colony destroyed by
the sudden overflow of their selected places caused by a severe gale,
and have observed that, on such occasions, their clamour was as great
as if they had been robbed of their eggs by man.
The number of eggs deposited by this species is more frequently three
than four. Like those of most other Terns, they differ somewhat in size
and markings, although I never found any so large as those described by
WILSON, who states that they measure nearly an inch and three quarters
in length, which would better agree with the eggs of the Common Tern.
The average of a basketful was found to be one inch and two and a half
eighths in length, by seven and a half eighths in breadth. They are
rather pointed at the smaller end, and their ground colour is pale
yellowish-white, blotched with irregular dark brown spots, intermixed
with others of a dull purplish tint.
I have found this Tern breeding among Shearwaters along the Florida
coast; and my friend the Reverend JOHN BACHMAN has observed the same
circumstance on the “Bird’s Banks,” on the coasts of South Carolina,
where it is abundant, as well as on Sullivan Island.
The common note of our Least Tern resembles that of the Barn Swallow
when disturbed about its nest, being as smartly and rapidly repeated at
times. When it proves convenient for it to alight on the ground or on
a sand-beach, after it has secured a prawn or small fish, it does so,
and there devours its prey piecemeal, but it more usually swallows it
on wing. On the ground it walks prettily, with short steps, keeping its
tail somewhat raised.
STERNA MINUTA, _Linn._ Syst. Nat. vol. i. p. 228.—_Lath._
Ind. Ornith. vol. ii. p. 809.—_Ch. Bonaparte_, Synopsis of
Birds of United States, p. 355.
LESSER TERN, STERNA MINUTA, _Wils._ Amer. Ornith. vol. vii.
p. 80, pl. 60, fig. 2.
SILVERY TERN, _Nuttall_, Manual, vol. ii. p. 280.
Adult Male. Plate CCCXIX. Fig. 1.
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