Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of AmericaAudubon, John James
Science
Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of America
Audubon, John James
Birds -- North America
Length to end of tail 11-3/4 inches, to end of wings 12-1/2, to end of
claws 14; extent of wings 25; wing from flexure 8-1/4; tail 3-1/4; bill
along the ridge 1-1/4, along the edge of lower mandible 1-1/4; bare
part of tibia 3/4; tarsus 2; hind toe (1-1/2)/8; middle toe 1-1/8, its
claw 1/4; outer toe and claw 1-1/8; inner toe 1. Weight 6-1/2 oz.
The Female resembles the male, but has the black of the lower parts of
a less deep tint.
Young about a week old. Plate CCCXXXIV. Fig. 2.
Bill and feet dull greenish-brown. Iris brown. The general colour is
pale brownish-yellow, mottled with dusky; a whitish ring round the eye;
tail with a black band, rump whitish, primary quills dusky, the outer
edges of the secondaries whitish.
The young in autumn.
Bill greyish-black; feet bluish-grey. The upper parts brownish-black,
spotted with white, some of the spots yellow; the wings and tail as
in the adult, but the latter tinged with grey, and having eight dark
bars on all the feathers. The fore part and sides of the neck, and the
sides of the body, greyish-white, mottled with brownish-grey; axillary
feathers brownish-black; the rest of the lower parts white.
Adult in winter. Plate CCCXXXIV. Fig. 3.
The adult in winter has the upper parts light greyish-brown, the
margins of the feathers much lighter; the sides and fore parts of the
neck pale grey, with dark grey streaks and spots; lower parts white. In
other respects the colours are as in summer.
In an adult male of this species, there is a double row of papillæ on
the roof of the mouth. The tongue is 1 inch long, slender, tapering,
emarginate and papillate at the base, grooved above, horny on the back.
The œsophagus _a_, is 5 inches long, at its upper part 4 twelfths in
diameter, enlarged to 1/2 inch on the lower part of the neck. The
proventriculus, _b_, oblong, its greatest diameter 8 twelfths, its
glandules oblong and about a twelfth in length. The stomach, _c_, _d_,
_e_, _f_, is a very powerful gizzard of an irregular roundish form, 1
inch 5 twelfths long, 1 inch 3-1/2 twelfths in breadth; its lateral
muscles very large and distinct, the right _d_, 4 twelfths thick,
the left, _e_, 3 twelfths, the tendons large; the epithelium thick,
longitudinally rugous, and of a reddish colour. The intestine _g_, _h_,
_i_, is 2 feet 2 inches long, its diameter about 2 twelfths; the cœca
2 inches 2 twelfths long, their diameter at the base half a twelfth,
toward the end 2 twelfths; the rectum 3 twelfths in diameter, and 2-1/2
inches long.
[Illustration]
In the stomach were several shrimps. The lobes of the liver very
unequal, the right being 2-1/4 inches in length, the other 1-4/12. No
gall-bladder.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account