At the approach of spring, I have observed this species swell the throat and the feathers of the head, and emit their rough croaking notes very frequently. The males at this period become very pugnacious, though, after all, they remove northward together, preceding the females for at least a fortnight. They usually spend the autumn and the earlier parts of winter separate from the females. These birds have, like the Goosanders, a habit of shaking their heads violently on emerging from the water Their flesh is fishy, and in my opinion unfit for being eaten, unless in cases of excessive hunger. The food of this species, while on fresh water, consists of fish of various kinds, mollusca, young frogs, tadpoles, crayfish, and, I believe, some kinds of grass. When on salt water, they feed principally on bivalves and fishes of different species. ANAS CLANGULA, _Linn._ Syst. Nat. vol. i. p. 201.—_Lath._ Ind. Ornith. vol. ii. p. 867. Male. ANAS GLAUCION, _Linn._ Syst. Nat. vol. i. p. 201.—_Lath._ Ind. Ornith. vol. ii. p. 867. Female and Young. GOLDEN-EYE, ANAS CLANGULA, _Wils._ Amer. Ornith. vol. viii. p. 62, pl. 67, fig. 6. FULIGULA CLANGULA, _Ch. Bonaparte_, Synopsis of Birds of United States, p. 393. CLANGULA VULGARIS, COMMON GOLDEN-EYE, _Richards. and Swains._ Fauna Bor.-Amer. vol. ii. p. 456. COMMON GOLDEN-EYE, _Nuttall_, Manual, vol ii. p. 441. Adult Male in winter. Plate CCCXLII. Fig. 1. Bill shorter than the head, deeper than broad at the base, gradually depressed toward the end, which is rounded. Upper mandible with the dorsal line straight and sloping to the middle, then slightly concave, and finally decurved; the ridge broad and rather concave at the base, narrowed between the nostrils, convex towards the end, the frontal angles long, the sides erect at the base, sloping and convex towards the end, the edges soft, with about fifty lamellæ, the unguis oblong and decurved. Nostrils medial, linear, pervious, nearer the ridge than the margin. Lower mandible flattened, ascending, nearly straight, a little curved at the base, the angle long, rather narrow, the dorsal line very slightly convex, the edges with about fifty lamellæ, the unguis broadly elliptical.