Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of AmericaAudubon, John James
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Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of America
Audubon, John James
Birds -- North America
The flight of these Sandpipers is rapid and regular. They move
compactly, and often when about to alight, or after being disturbed,
incline their bodies to either side, shewing alternately the upper and
lower parts. On foot they move more like Curlews than Tringas, they
being as it were more sedate in their deportment. At times, on the
approach of a person, they squat on the ground, very much in the manner
of the Esquimaux Curlew, _Numenius borealis_; and their flesh is as
delicate as that of the species just named. In the stomach of several
individuals I found small worms, minute shell-fish, and vegetable
substances, among which were the hard seeds of plants unknown to me.
I suspect that in summer and autumn they feed on small fruits and
berries, though of this I have no proof.
Among those which we procured, I found the differences in the colour
of the plumage quite as great as in _Scolopax noveboracensis_, some
of the younger birds being yet in their winter dress, while the older
had already assumed a reddish colour on the cheeks, the top of the
head, and the breast. The females were all larger than the males, and
differed from each other not only in the markings of the plumage, but
also in the length of the bill, to the extent of a quarter of an inch,
and of the legs, to a still greater extent. Whether or not this species
assumes a uniform reddish tint in the breeding season, such as is
observed in the Pigmy Curlew, _Tringa subarquata_, I am unable to say,
although I am much inclined to think that it does.
Their passage through the United States is very rapid, both in spring
and autumn, Some few spend the winter in Lower Louisiana, but nearly
all proceed southward beyond the Texas.
TRINGA HIMANTOPUS, _Ch. Bonaparte_, Synopsis of Birds of
United States, p. 316.
TRINGA DOUGLASSII, _Swainson_, DOUGLAS’S SANDPIPER,
_Richards. and Swains._ Fauna Bor.-Amer. vol. ii. 379.
TRINGA HIMANTOPUS, SLENDER-SHANKS SANDPIPER, _Richards. and
Swains._ Fauna Bor.-Amer. vol. ii. 380.
LONG-LEGGED SANDPIPER, AUDUBON’S STILT SANDPIPER, and
DOUGLASS’ STILT SANDPIPER, _Nuttall_, Manual, vol. ii. p.
138, 140, 141.
Male in Spring. Plate CCCXLIV. Fig. 1.
Bill much longer than the head, very slender, subcylindrical, very
slightly decurved, compressed at the base, the end rather depressed,
considerably enlarged. Upper mandible with the dorsal line almost
straight, being very slightly decurved towards the end, the ridge
narrow, convex, flattened towards the tip, the sides sloping, with
a narrow groove extending nearly to the end, the edges rather blunt
and soft, the tip decurved. Nostrils basal, linear, pervious. Lower
mandible with the angle long and very narrow, the dorsal line straight,
towards the end slightly deflected, the sides sloping outwards, with a
long narrow groove, the tip a little broader.
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