Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of AmericaAudubon, John James
Science
Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of America
Audubon, John James
Birds -- North America
Head small, oblong, compressed. Eyes of moderate size. Body much
compressed. Feet large, long; tibia bare a considerable way above the
joint, and reticulated; tarsus long, stout, compressed, anteriorly
covered with very broad scutella, laterally and posteriorly with two
series of broad scutella, between which on the posterior edge is a
series of very minute scales; hind toe comparatively small, middle toe
longest, and much longer than the tarsus, fourth longer than second;
toes free, slender, compressed, with numerous broad scutella above,
obliquely flattened beneath, marginate; claws very long, slender,
slightly arched, much compressed, tapering to a very acute point.
Plumage blended, firm, glossy, the feathers ovato-oblong, broad at the
end. Wings rather long, broad, rather concave; ovula large: primaries
incurvate, broad, third longest, second a twelfth of an inch shorter,
fourth two-twelfths shorter than second, which exceeds the first by
eleven-twelfths; secondaries broad and grounded. Tail short, much
rounded, of twelve rather weak, rounded feathers, which but slightly
exceed the lower coverts.
Frontal plate ultramarine blue; bill bright carmine, tipped with
bright yellow. Iris bright carmine; margins of eyelids white. Tarsi,
toes, and claws bright yellow. Head, fore part of neck, and breast
rich purplish-blue; abdomen and feathers of legs dusky; sides green;
lower wing-coverts light green; sides of the neck light purplish-blue,
shaded into verdigris and brownish-green above; the fore part of the
back verdigris-green, shaded with olivaceous; the hind part and upper
tail-coverts olivaceous; the coverts and outer webs of the quills
greenish-blue, the inner webs clove-brown; tail-feathers olivaceous.
Length to end of tail 13-1/2 inches, to end of wings 13-1/2, to end
of claws 18; extent of wings 21-1/2; bill along the ridge, including
frontal plate 2; edge of lower mandible 1-1/4; tarsus 2-1/4; hind toe
1, its claw 10/12; middle toe 2-4/12, its claw 9/12.
Weight of one individual 7-1/2 oz., of another 8-1/2, both males; of a
fourth 7 oz.; of a fifth 5-1/2; and of a sixth only 4-1/2.
The female is somewhat smaller, but similar to the male, the frontal
plate is less extended, and the tints of the plumage a little less
vivid.
The young are at first covered with black down. When fledged they
are olivaceous on the upper parts, dull purple beneath; the bill
dull green. After the first moult, the bill is light carmine,
greenish-yellow at the end, the head dark purple; the plumage
coloured as above described, but less brilliant, the tarsi and toes
greenish-yellow.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account