Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of AmericaAudubon, John James
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Ornithological biography, Vol. 4 (of 5) : $b An account of the habits of the birds of the United States of America
Audubon, John James
Birds -- North America
Bill about the same length as the head, rather slender, compressed,
nearly straight, tapering to a narrow point. Upper mandible with the
dorsal line slightly arched, the ridge rather broad and convex at the
base, narrow towards the end, the sides sloping, convex towards the
end, the edges sharp and inflected, the tip very slender. Nasal groove
rather long, and with a faint groove and ridge extending obliquely to
the edge of the mandible; nostrils sub-basal, linear, direct, pervious.
Lower mandible with the angle very narrow, extending beyond the middle,
the dorsal line straight, the sides ascending and convex, the edges
sharp and inflected, the tip very acute.
Head of moderate size, oblong; neck of moderate length; body very
slender. Feet very small; tibia bare for a considerable space; tarsus
very short, slender, compressed, covered anteriorly with twenty-two
small scutella, laterally and behind with reticular scales; toes very
small, slender, the first extremely small, the third longest, the
fourth considerably shorter, the second shorter than the fourth in the
same proportion; the anterior toes connected by reticulated webs, which
are deeply concave at their margin. Claws arched, compressed, that of
the hind toe smallest, of the middle by much the largest, and having
the inner edge thin and dilated.
Plumage soft, close, blended, very short on the fore part of the
head; the feathers, in general, broad and rounded; wings very long,
narrow, and pointed; primary quills tapering to a rounded point,
slightly curved inwards, the first longest, the rest rapidly graduated;
secondary quills short, broad incurved, obliquely rounded, the inner
more tapering. Tail long, very deeply forked, of twelve feathers, of
which the outer are tapering, the middle short and rounded.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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